Heavy buffer update, window update, object tracking

README.md

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 
 These are subject to (hopefully) grow in size as more stuff gets added.
 
+* NBCore: Core/foundational functionality for all other subpackages to be built upon.
+    * Erroring and Logging
+    * Basic data structures and declarations
 * NBWindow: Creates and manages GLFW windows
 * NBEvents: Multithreading event manager. Very unstable. Sucks a lot.
 

engine/NBCore/include/NBCore/Processes.hpp

@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@
 namespace nb {
 
 uint64_t GetPID();
-uint64_t getTID();
+uint64_t GetTID();
+
+extern thread_local const uint64_t CurrentTID;
+static const uint64_t MainTID = GetTID();
 
 
 } // namespace nb

engine/NBCore/src/Processes.cpp

@@ -26,4 +26,6 @@ uint64_t GetTID() {
 #ifdef _NB_TARGET_LINUX
 #endif // _NB_TARGET_LINUX
 
+thread_local const uint64_t CurrentTID = GetTID();
+
 } // namespace nb

engine/NBData/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+project(NBData VERSION 0.1)
+
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
+
+toAbsolutePath(NB_DATA_SOURCE 
+    ./src/FFT.cpp
+)
+toAbsolutePath(NB_DATA_INCLUDE
+    ./include/NBData/FFT.hpp
+)
+
+set(NB_DATA_SOURCE ${NB_DATA_SOURCE} PARENT_SCOPE)
+set(NB_DATA_INCLUDE ${NB_DATA_INCLUDE} PARENT_SCOPE)
+
+add_library(NBData ${NB_DATA_SOURCE})
+add_library(NBEngine::Data ALIAS NBData)
+target_link_libraries(NBData
+    NBCore
+)
+target_include_directories(NBData
+    PUBLIC "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>"
+    PUBLIC "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>"
+)
+export(
+    TARGETS NBData
+    FILE "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBDataTargets.cmake"
+    NAMESPACE NBEngine::
+)
+configure_package_config_file(
+    "NBDataConfig.cmake.in"
+    "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBDataConfig.cmake"
+    INSTALL_DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/cmake"
+    PATH_VARS CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR
+)
+write_basic_package_version_file(
+    "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBDataConfigVersion.cmake"
+    COMPATIBILITY AnyNewerVersion 
+)
+
+if (NBENGINE_INSTALL)
+    message("Installing NBData to ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}")
+    install(
+        TARGETS NBData
+        EXPORT NBDataTargets
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
+        ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
+        INCLUDES DESTINATION include
+    )
+    install(
+        DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/NBData"
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}"
+        FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h" PATTERN "*.hpp"
+    )
+    install(
+        EXPORT NBDataTargets
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/cmake"
+        NAMESPACE NBEngine::
+    )
+    install(FILES
+        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBDataConfig.cmake"
+        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBDataConfigVersion.cmake"
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/CMake"
+    )
+endif()
+
+if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
+    add_subdirectory(./tests )
+endif()

engine/NBData/NBDataConfig.cmake.in

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/NBDataTargets.cmake")

engine/NBData/include/NBData/FFT.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_DATA_FFT
+#define _NB_DATA_FFT
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <complex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+
+#ifndef PI_VALUE
+    #define PI_VALUE 3.1415926535
+#endif
+
+/*! @file FFT.hpp */
+
+namespace nb {
+
+using namespace std::complex_literals;
+
+constexpr double operator""_pi(long double val) {
+    return val*PI_VALUE;
+}
+constexpr double operator""_pi(unsigned long long val) {
+    return val*PI_VALUE;
+}
+
+constexpr float operator""_pif(long double val) {
+    return val*PI_VALUE;
+}
+constexpr float operator""_pif(unsigned long long val) {
+    return val*PI_VALUE;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+bool isPowerOf2(const T& x) {
+    bool ret = false;
+    unsigned int mask=1;
+    for (int i=0; i<(8*sizeof(std::declval<T>())); ++i) {ret ^= x&mask; mask<<=1;}
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*!
+    @brief Calculates the complex-valued twiddle factor given the `phase`
+    @param phase A double representing the phase, or `(k*n)/N`, of a DFT,
+    in units of 2*Pi.
+    @return A std::complex<T> representing the complex twiddle factor of 
+    the DFT at that `phase`, calculated via `exp(-2*Pi*i*phase)`.
+
+    Calculates the complex-valued twiddle factor given the `phase` in units
+    of the ratio around the circle (i.e. in units of 2*Pi), calculated via
+    `exp(-2*Pi*i*phase)`. Note the minus sign, as this function is for the
+    *forward* DFT.
+*/
+template<typename T>
+std::complex<T> calculateTwiddleFactor(double phase) {
+    int sign = -1;
+    while(phase>0.5) { phase-=0.5; sign*=-1; }
+    return static_cast<std::complex<T>>(std::exp(2_pi*(sign)*(1i)*phase));
+}
+
+/*!
+    Stores the twiddle factors for Radix-2 DFT matrices for a given data type
+    (i.e. stores std::complex<T> values), which can be retrieved using `TwiddleFactor<T>::get`.
+*/
+template<typename T>
+class TwiddleFactors2 {
+    protected:
+    static std::unordered_map<unsigned int, std::complex<T>> factors;
+    
+    public:
+    /*!
+        @brief Retrieves the twiddle factor for a Radix-2 DFT
+        @param numerator The numerator (i.e. `k*n` of a DFT matrix) part of the phase
+        when defined in units of 2*Pi.
+        @param log2N The `log2(denominator)` (i.e. `/N` of a DFT matrix) part of the phase
+        when defined in units of 2*Pi.
+        @return A std::complex<T> for the value of the `numerator / (2^log2N)` twiddle factor
+    */
+    static std::complex<T> get(unsigned int numerator, unsigned int log2N);
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+std::complex<T>* fft2_impl(
+    const std::complex<T>* source,
+    std::complex<T>* dest,
+    unsigned int log2N,
+    unsigned int stride=1
+) {
+    constexpr std::complex<T> J(0, 1);
+    switch(log2N) {
+        case 0:
+            dest[0] = source[0];
+        break;
+
+        case 1:
+            dest[0] = source[0] + source[stride];
+            dest[1] = source[0] - source[stride];
+        break;
+
+        case 2:
+            dest[0] = source[0] + source[stride] + source[2*stride] + source[3*stride];
+            dest[1] = source[0] - J*source[stride] - source[2*stride] + J*source[3*stride];
+            dest[2] = source[0] - source[stride] + source[2*stride] - source[3*stride];
+            dest[3] = source[0] + J*source[stride] - source[2*stride] - J*source[3*stride];
+        break;
+
+        default:
+            const unsigned int halfway = 1<<(log2N-1);
+            fft2_impl(source, dest, log2N-1, 2*stride);
+            fft2_impl(&(source[stride]), &(dest[halfway]), log2N-1, 2*stride);
+            std::complex<T> twiddle;
+            std::complex<T> p, q;
+            for (unsigned int i=0; i < halfway; ++i) {
+                twiddle = TwiddleFactors2<T>::get(i, log2N);
+                p = dest[i];
+                q = dest[halfway+i]*twiddle;
+                dest[i] = p+q;
+                dest[halfway+i] = p-q;
+            }
+        break;
+    }
+    return dest;
+
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+std::complex<T>* dft_impl(
+    const std::complex<T>* source,
+    std::complex<T>* dest,
+    unsigned int N
+) {
+    for (int k=0; k < N; ++k) {
+        dest[k] = 0;
+        for (int n = 0; n < N; ++n) {
+            dest[k] += source[n] * calculateTwiddleFactor<T>(double(n*k)/double(N));
+        }
+    }
+    return dest;
+}
+
+/*!
+    @brief Computes the minimal Radix-2 DFT on a std::vector<std::complex<T>>
+    @param values A std::vector<std::complex<T>> representing the time domain values
+    @return A std::vector<std::complex<T>>, representing the minimal Radix-2 DFT of `values`
+
+    Computes the Radix-2 DFT on a std::vector<std::complex<T>>. If the input vector
+    `values` is not a power of 2, then the number of points in the DFT (and thus the
+    size of the returned frequency domain vector) is determined by 
+    `2^ceil(log2(values.size()))`
+*/
+template<typename T>
+std::vector<std::complex<T>> fft2(const std::vector<std::complex<T>>& values) {
+    const auto N = values.size();
+    unsigned int log2N=0;
+    while(1<<log2N < N) {log2N++;}
+    std::vector<std::complex<T>> temp(1<<log2N, 0);
+    std::vector<std::complex<T>> ret = temp;
+    for (int i=0; i < N; ++i) { temp[i] = values[i]; }
+    std::complex<T>* fft_results = fft2_impl(temp.data(), ret.data(), log2N);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*!
+    @brief Computes the minimal Radix-2 DFT on a `std::vector<T>`
+    @param values A std::vector<T> representing the time domain values with packed real and
+    imaginary parts
+    @return A `std::vector<T>`, representing the minimal Radix-2 DFT of `values` with packed
+    real and imaginary parts
+    @throw std::string Thrown when the size of the vector is not divisible by 2 (i.e. 
+    there are unmatched real/imaginary pairs).
+
+    Computes the Radix-2 DFT on a std::vector<std::complex<T>>. Equivalent to 
+    `fft2(const std::vector<std::complex<T>>)` if `values[2*i]` and `values[2*i+1]`
+    were mapped to the real and imaginary parts of the complex vector.
+*/
+template<typename T>
+std::vector<T> fft2(const std::vector<T>& values) {
+    if (values.size()&1) {
+        THROW(Error<>(Error<>::VALUE_ERROR,
+            "Vector must be of even length to represent complex values."
+        ));
+    }
+    std::complex<T> complex_input(values.data(), values.size()/2);
+    std::complex<T> complex_ret = fft2(complex_input);
+    return std::vector<T>(complex_ret.data(), complex_ret.size()*2);
+}
+
+/*!
+    @brief Computes the DFT on a std::vector<std::complex<T>>
+    @param values A std::vector<std::complex<T>> representing the time domain values
+    @return A std::vector<std::complex<T>> of the DFT of `values` in the frequency domain
+
+    Computes the DFT of the std::vector<std::complex<T>> `values`. Does so using the 
+    naive O(N^2) matrix-multiplication method.
+*/
+template<typename T>
+std::vector<std::complex<T>> dft(const std::vector<std::complex<T>>& x) {
+    std::vector<std::complex<T>> ret = x;
+    std::complex<T>* fft_results = dft_impl(x.data(), ret.data(), x.size());
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*!
+    @brief Computes the DFT on a `std::vector<T>`
+    @param values A `std::vector<T>` representing the time domain values with packed real and
+    imaginary parts
+    @return A `std::vector<T>` of the DFT of `values` in the frequency domain with
+    packed real and imaginary parts
+    @throw std::string Thrown when the size of the vector is not divisible by 2 (i.e. 
+    there are unmatched real/imaginary pairs).
+
+    Computes the DFT on a `std::vector<T>`. Equivalent to 
+    `dft(const std::vector<std::complex<T>>)` if `values[2*i]` and `values[2*i+1]`
+    were mapped to the real and imaginary parts of the complex vector.
+*/
+template<typename T>
+std::vector<T> dft(const std::vector<T>& values) {
+    if (values.size()&1) {
+        THROW(Error<>(Error<>::VALUE_ERROR,
+            "Vector must be of even length to represent complex values."
+        ));
+    }
+    std::complex<T> complex_input(values.data(), values.size()/2);
+    std::complex<T> complex_ret = dft(complex_input);
+    return std::vector<T>(complex_ret.data(), complex_ret.size()*2);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+std::unordered_map<unsigned int, std::complex<T>> TwiddleFactors2<T>::factors = {};
+
+template<typename T>
+std::complex<T> TwiddleFactors2<T>::get(unsigned int a, unsigned int log2N) {
+    while(a && !(a&1)) { a>>=1; log2N--; }
+    const unsigned int N = 1<<log2N;
+    const double phase = double(a)/double(N);
+    const unsigned int key = a*N;
+    try {
+        return factors.at(key);
+    } catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
+        if (a > N>>1 ) {
+            return (factors[key] = std::conj(TwiddleFactors2<T>::get(N-a, log2N)));
+        } else {
+            return (factors[key] = calculateTwiddleFactor<T>(phase));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace n
+
+#endif // _NB_DATA_FFT

engine/NBData/src/FFT.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+#include <NBData/FFT.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBData/tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.26.0)
+
+if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
+    enable_testing()
+    include(GoogleTest)
+
+    add_executable(TestData
+        ./testFFT.cpp
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(TestData
+        NBData
+        GTest::gtest_main
+    )
+    gtest_discover_tests(TestData)
+
+    add_executable(FFTSpeedTest
+        ./fftspeedtest.cpp
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(FFTSpeedTest
+        NBData
+    )
+endif()

engine/NBData/tests/fftspeedtest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include <NBData/FFT.hpp>
+
+int main() {
+    return 0;
+}

engine/NBData/tests/testComplex.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <NBData/ComplexNumbers.hpp>
+
+template<typename A, typename B>
+void COMPLEX_EQ(const nb::Complex<A>& a, const nb::Complex<B>& b) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(a.r, b.r);
+    ASSERT_EQ(a.i, b.i);
+}
+
+template<typename A, typename B>
+void COMPLEX_ALMOST_EQ(const nb::Complex<A>& a, const nb::Complex<B>& b) {
+    ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(a.r, b.r);
+    ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(a.i, b.i);
+}
+
+TEST(ComplexNumberTests, TestConstruction) {
+    COMPLEX_ALMOST_EQ(nb::Complex(), nb::Complex(0,0));
+    COMPLEX_ALMOST_EQ(nb::Complex(5.0), nb::Complex(5, 0));
+    COMPLEX_ALMOST_EQ(1.5_j, nb::Complex(0.0, 1.5));
+}
+
+TEST(ComplexNumberTests, TestAdd) {
+    auto x = nb::Complex(1.0) - nb::Complex(2.0, 1.0);
+    ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(x.r, -1);
+    ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(x.i, -1);
+}

engine/NBData/tests/testFFT.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <NBData/FFT.hpp>
+
+using namespace nb;
+
+template<typename A, typename B>
+void COMPLEX_EQ(const std::complex<A>& a, const std::complex<B>& b) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(a.real(), b.real());
+    ASSERT_EQ(a.imag(), b.imag());
+}
+
+template<typename A, typename B>
+void COMPLEX_FLOAT_EQ(
+    const std::complex<A>& a,
+    const std::complex<B>& b,
+    const long double epsilon=0
+) {
+    if (epsilon) {
+        ASSERT_NEAR(a.real(), b.real(), epsilon);
+        ASSERT_NEAR(a.imag(), b.imag(), epsilon);
+    } else {
+        ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(a.real(), b.real());
+        ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(a.imag(), b.imag());
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename A, typename B>
+void COMPLEX_EQ_VEC(
+    const std::vector<std::complex<A>>& a,
+    const std::vector<std::complex<A>>& b
+) {
+    if (a.size() != b.size()) { FAIL(); }
+    for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); ++i) {
+        COMPLEX_EQ(a[i], b[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename A, typename B>
+void COMPLEX_FLOAT_EQ_VEC(
+    const std::vector<std::complex<A>>& a,
+    const std::vector<std::complex<B>>& b,
+    const long double epsilon
+) {
+    if (a.size() != b.size()) { FAIL(); }
+    for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); ++i) {
+        COMPLEX_FLOAT_EQ(a[i], b[i], epsilon);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(FFTTest, TestFFT) {
+    std::vector<std::vector<std::complex<double>>> input = {
+        {1.0, 0.5, 0},
+        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
+
+    };
+    std::vector<std::vector<std::complex<double>>> expected = {
+        {1.5,1.f-0.5if,0.5,1.f+0.5if},
+        {8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+    };
+    for (int i = 0; i < input.size(); ++i) {
+        COMPLEX_FLOAT_EQ_VEC(
+            nb::fft2(input[i]),
+            expected[i],
+             1e-10
+        );
+    }
+}

engine/NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp

@@ -1,365 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_BUFFER
-#define _NB_BUFFER
-
-#include "GLLoad.hpp"
-
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
-#include <NBCore/Types.hpp>
-
-namespace nb {
-    
-typedef std::vector<unsigned char> RawVec;
-
-static uint8_t GLSLTypeSize(GLenum type) {
-    switch(type) {
-    case GL_SHORT:
-    case GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT:
-    case GL_HALF_FLOAT:
-        return 2;
-        break;
-    case GL_INT:
-    case GL_UNSIGNED_INT:
-    case GL_FLOAT:
-        return 4;
-        break;
-    case GL_DOUBLE:
-        return 8;
-        break;
-    default:
-        return 1;
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-struct VertexAttributePointer {
-    GLuint buffer = 0;
-    int32_t offset = 0;
-    GLsizei stride = -1;
-    GLuint divisor = 0;
-};
-
-struct VertexAttribute {
-    GLint GLSLSize;
-    GLenum GLSLType;
-    GLboolean GLSLNormalization;
-    VertexAttributePointer ptr;
-};
-
-static bool isIndexInVertexAttribute(int i, const VertexAttribute& va) {
-    if ((i -= va.ptr.offset) < 0) { return false; }
-    return (i%va.ptr.stride) < GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType) * va.GLSLSize;
-}
-
-typedef std::vector<VertexAttribute> VertexAttributeList;
-
-template<typename T>
-RawVec vectorToRaw(const std::vector<T>& vec) {
-    unsigned int num_bytes = vec.size() * sizeof(T);
-    RawVec ret(num_bytes);
-    memcpy(ret.data(), vec.data(), num_bytes);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-template<typename T, typename S>
-RawVec concatVectorsToRaw(const std::vector<T>& vec1, const std::vector<S>& vec2) {
-    RawVec vec1_raw = vectorToRaw<T>(vec1);
-    RawVec vec2_raw = vectorToRaw<S>(vec2);
-    unsigned int vec1_raw_size = vec1_raw.size();
-    unsigned int vec2_raw_size = vec2_raw.size();
-    RawVec ret(vec1_raw_size + vec2_raw_size);
-    memcpy(ret.data(), vec1_raw.data(), vec1_raw_size);
-    memcpy(ret.data() + vec1_raw_size, vec2_raw.data(), vec2_raw_size);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-std::vector<T> rawToVector(const RawVec& vec) {
-    if (vec.size() % sizeof(T) != 0) {
-        throw std::runtime_error("Data size does not align to std::vector<" + std::string(typeid(T).name()) + ">.");
-    }
-    unsigned int num_elmts = vec.size() / sizeof(T);
-    std::vector<T> ret(num_elmts);
-    memcpy(ret.data(), vec.data(), vec.size());
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-class BufferError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    const bool error;
-    BufferError(const std::string& msg, const std::string& file="", int line=-1) 
-        : std::runtime_error(NB::formatDebugString(msg, file, line)), error(true) {}
-    BufferError(bool isError=true) : std::runtime_error(""), error(isError) {}
-};
-
-
-template <typename ObjectType>
-class OpenGLObject {
-public:
-    OpenGLObject(OpenGLObject&&) = default;
-    OpenGLObject& operator=(OpenGLObject&&) = default;
-    ~OpenGLObject() { remove(); }
-    
-    virtual void bind() const = 0;
-    virtual void unbind() const = 0;
-    virtual bool isInitialized() const = 0;
-    GLuint id() const { return _id; }
-
-protected:
-    OpenGLObject() = default;
-    OpenGLObject(const OpenGLObject&) = delete;
-    OpenGLObject& operator=(const OpenGLObject&) = delete;
-
-    virtual void remove() const = 0;
-
-    GLuint _id;
-};
-
-class VAO : public virtual OpenGLObject<VAO> {
-public:
-    using Base = OpenGLObject<VAO>;
-    using Base::Base;
-
-    VAO() { glGenVertexArrays(1, &_id); }
-
-    void bind() const { glBindVertexArray(_id); }
-    void unbind() const { glBindVertexArray(0); }
-
-
-protected:
-    using Base::_id;
-    const 
-
-    void remove() { glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &_id); }
-
-};
-
-template <typename BufferType>
-class Buffer : public virtual OpenGLObject<Buffer<BufferType>> {
-public:
-    using Base = OpenGLObject<Buffer>;
-    using Base::Base;
-    
-    Buffer(GLenum usage_ = GL_STATIC_DRAW) : usage(usage_) { glGenBuffers(1,  &_id); }
-
-    void bind() const { glBindBuffer(GLTarget, _id); }
-    void unbind() const { glBindBuffer(GLTarget, 0); }
-    void data(void* data_, size_t size) const { glBufferData(GLTarget, size, data_, usage); }
-    void data(nb::ByteVector& data_) const { glBufferData(GLTarget, data_.size(), data_.data(), usage); }
-    void invalidate() const { glInvalidateBufferData(_id); }
-
-
-    const GLenum GLTarget = BufferType::GLTarget;
-    GLenum usage;
-
-protected:
-    using Base::_id;
-    void remove() { glDeleteBuffers(1, &_id); }
-
-};
-
-class VertexBuffer : public virtual Buffer<VertexBuffer> {
-public:
-
-    static const GLenum GLTarget = GL_ARRAY_BUFFER;
-protected:
-
-};
-
-class ElementBuffer : public virtual Buffer<ElementBuffer> {
-public:
-
-    static const GLenum GLTarget = GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER;
-
-protected:
-
-};
-
-/*
-class Buffer : public OpenGLObject {
-public:
-    Buffer(
-        GLenum buffer_type,
-        GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW
-    ) : _type(buffer_type), _usage(usage) {
-            glGenBuffers(1, &_id);
-    }
-    Buffer(
-        const RawVec& init_data,
-        GLenum buffer_type,
-        GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW
-    ) : _type{buffer_type}, _usage{usage} { data(init_data); }
-    Buffer(
-        unsigned int size,
-        GLenum buffer_type,
-        GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW
-    ) : Buffer(RawVec(size), buffer_type, usage) {}
-
-    Buffer(Buffer&& rhs) { *this = std::move(rhs); }
-    Buffer& operator=(Buffer&& rhs) {
-        remove();
-        _usage = rhs._usage;
-        _id = rhs._id;
-        rhs._id = 0;
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    GLenum usage() const { return _usage; }
-    unsigned int id() const { return _id; }
-    GLuint size() const { return _size; }
-    bool isInitialized() const override { return _id && glIsBuffer(_id) && bool(_size); }
-    RawVec data() const {
-        RawVec ret(_size);
-        bind();
-        glGetBufferSubData(_type, 0, _size, ret.data());
-        return ret;
-    }
-    void bind() const override { glBindBuffer(_type, _id); }
-    void unbind() const override { glBindBuffer(_type, 0); }
-
-    GLenum usage(GLenum usage) {
-        _usage=usage;
-        data(data());
-        return _usage;
-    }
-    void data(const RawVec& set_data) {
-        if (!glfwGetCurrentContext()) {
-            THROW_BUFFER_ERROR("No OpenGL context.");
-        }
-        bind();
-        glBufferData(_type, set_data.size(), set_data.data(), _usage);
-        _size = set_data.size();
-    }
-    void data(const RawVec& newData, unsigned int offset) {
-        if (newData.size()+offset > _size) {
-            THROW_BUFFER_ERROR("Attempting to overflow buffer of capacity " + std::to_string(_size) + ".");
-        }
-        bind();
-        glBufferSubData(_type, offset, newData.size(), newData.data());
-    }
-    void data(void* src, unsigned int offset, unsigned int size) {
-        if (size+offset > _size) {
-            THROW_BUFFER_ERROR("Attempting to overflow buffer of capacity " + std::to_string(_size) + ".");
-        }
-        bind();
-        glBufferSubData(_type, offset, size, src);
-    }
-
-protected:
-    virtual void remove() const override {
-        unbind();
-        if (_id) { glDeleteBuffers(1, &_id); }
-    }
-
-    using OpenGLObject::_id;
-    GLenum _type;
-    GLenum _usage;
-    unsigned int _size = 0;
-};
-
-
-class Texture : public OpenGLObject {
-public:
-    Texture(GLenum tar=GL_TEXTURE_2D) : _target(tar) { glGenTextures(1, &_id); }
-
-    Texture(Texture&& rhs) { *this=std::move(rhs); }
-    Texture& operator=(Texture&& rhs) {
-        _target = rhs._target;
-        _id = rhs._id;
-        rhs._id = 0;
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    void bind() const override { glBindTexture(_target, _id); }
-    void unbind() const override { glBindTexture(_target, 0); }
-    bool isInitialized() const override { return _id && glIsTexture(_id); }
-
-protected:
-    using OpenGLObject::_id;
-    GLenum _target;
-};
-
-class Framebuffer : public OpenGLObject {
-public:
-
-    Framebuffer(GLenum tar=GL_FRAMEBUFFER) : _target(tar) { glGenFramebuffers(1, &_id); }
-
-    Framebuffer(Framebuffer&& rhs) { *this=std::move(rhs); }
-    Framebuffer& operator=(Framebuffer&& rhs) {
-        remove();
-        _target = rhs._target;
-        _id = rhs._id;
-        rhs._id = 0;
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    void bind() const override { glBindFramebuffer(_target, _id); }
-    void unbind() const override { glBindFramebuffer(_target, 0); }
-    bool isInitialized() const override { return _id && glIsFramebuffer(_id); }
-    GLenum status() const {
-        bind();
-        return glCheckFramebufferStatus(_target);
-    }
-
-
-protected:
-    virtual void remove() const override {
-        unbind();
-        if (_id) { glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &_id); }
-    }
-    using OpenGLObject::_id;
-    GLenum _target;
-};
-
-class Renderbuffer : public OpenGLObject {
-public:
-    Renderbuffer(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, GLenum format=GL_RGBA32F, unsigned int multi=0) : Renderbuffer() {
-        storage(x, y, format, multi);
-    }
-    Renderbuffer() { glGenRenderbuffers(1, &_id); }
-
-
-    Renderbuffer(Renderbuffer&& rhs) { *this = std::move(rhs); }
-    Renderbuffer& operator=(Renderbuffer&& rhs) {
-        _format = rhs._format;
-        _id = rhs._id;
-        rhs._id = 0;
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    virtual void bind() const override { glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, _id); }
-    virtual void unbind() const override { glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, _id); }
-    virtual bool isInitialized() const override { return _id && glIsRenderbuffer(_id); }
-
-    void storage(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, GLenum format=GL_RGBA32F, unsigned int multi=0) {
-        _sizex = x;
-        _sizey = y;
-        _format = format;
-        _multisample = multi;
-        bind();
-        glRenderbufferStorageMultisample(GL_RENDERBUFFER, _multisample, _format, _sizex, _sizey);
-    }
-
-
-protected:
-    virtual void remove() const override {
-        unbind();
-        if (_id) { glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &_id); }
-    }
-
-    using OpenGLObject::_id;
-    GLenum _format;
-    unsigned int _sizex{0};
-    unsigned int _sizey{0};
-    unsigned int _multisample{0};
-
-};
-
-*/
-
-} // namespace NB
-#endif // _NB_BUFFER

engine/NBGraphics/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,27 +1,56 @@
-include_directories(./.)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+project(NBGraphics VERSION 0.1)
 
-find_package(OpenGL)
-add_subdirectory(${GLFW_PATH} ${GLFW_PATH}/build)
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
 
-include_directories(${GLFW_PATH}/include ${GLAD_PATH}/include)
+set(GLAD_PATH ${NBENGINE_ROOT}/../glad/)
+get_filename_component(GLAD_PATH ${GLAD_PATH} ABSOLUTE)
+
+set(CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH
+    "${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}"
+    "C:/Program Files (x86)/GLFW/lib/cmake/glfw3/"    
+)
+find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)
+find_package(glfw3 REQUIRED)
 
 set(GLFW_BUILD_DOCS OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
-set(GLFW_BUILD_TESTS OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
+    set(GLFW_BUILD_TESTS ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+else()
+    set(GLFW_BUILD_TESTS OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+endif()
 set(GLFW_BUILD_EXAMPLES OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 
-toAbsolutePath(NB_GRAPHICS_SOURCE
-    ./src/Window.cpp
-    ./src/Buffers.cpp
-)
+if (NB_MONITOR_OPENGL_CALLS)
+    add_compile_definitions(_NB_MONITOR_OPENGL_CALLS)
+endif()
 
+toAbsolutePath(NB_GRAPHICS_SOURCE
+    ./src/Buffers.cpp
+    ./src/FrameBuffers.cpp
+    ./src/Image.cpp
+    ./src/Mesh.cpp
+    ./src/OGLObjects.cpp
+    ./src/ProgramPipeline.cpp
+    ./src/Textures.cpp
+    ./src/VertexArray.cpp
+    ./src/VertexData.cpp
+    ./src/Window.cpp
+)
 toAbsolutePath(NB_GRAPHICS_INCLUDE
-    ./Buffers.hpp
-    ./Camera.hpp
-    ./Draw.hpp
-    ./GLLoad.hpp
-    ./shader.hpp
-    ./VAOManager.hpp
-    ./Window.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/Camera.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/FrameBuffers.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/Image.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/Mesh.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/ProgramPipeline.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/Textures.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/VertexArray.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/VertexData.hpp
+    ./include/NBGraphics/Window.hpp
 )
 
 set(NB_GRAPHICS_SOURCE ${NB_GRAPHICS_SOURCE} PARENT_SCOPE)
@@ -31,4 +60,62 @@ add_library(NBGraphics
     ${NB_GRAPHICS_SOURCE}
     ${GLAD_PATH}/src/glad.c
 )
-target_link_libraries(NBGraphics glfw3)
+add_library(NBEngine::Graphics ALIAS NBGraphics)
+add_dependencies(NBGraphics NBCore)
+add_dependencies(NBGraphics glfw)
+target_link_libraries(NBGraphics
+    PUBLIC glfw
+    PUBLIC NBCore    
+)
+target_include_directories(NBGraphics 
+    PUBLIC "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>"
+    PUBLIC "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>"
+    PUBLIC "${GLAD_PATH}/include"
+)
+export(
+    TARGETS NBGraphics
+    FILE "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBGraphicsTargets.cmake"
+    NAMESPACE NBEngine::
+)
+configure_package_config_file(
+    "NBGraphicsConfig.cmake.in"
+    "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBGraphicsConfig.cmake"
+    INSTALL_DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/cmake
+    PATH_VARS CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR
+)
+write_basic_package_version_file(
+    "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBGraphicsConfigVersion.cmake"
+    COMPATIBILITY AnyNewerVersion 
+)
+
+
+if (NBENGINE_INSTALL)
+    message("Installing NBGraphics to ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}")
+    install(
+        TARGETS NBGraphics  
+        EXPORT NBGraphicsTargets
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
+        ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
+        INCLUDES DESTINATION include
+    )
+    install(
+        DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/NBGraphics"
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}"
+        FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h" PATTERN "*.hpp"
+    )
+    install(
+        EXPORT NBGraphicsTargets
+        DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/cmake
+        NAMESPACE NBEngine::
+    )
+    install(FILES
+        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBGraphicsConfig.cmake"
+        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/NBGraphicsConfigVersion.cmake"
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/CMake"
+    )
+endif()
+
+if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
+    add_subdirectory(./tests)
+endif()
+

engine/NBGraphics/Draw.hpp

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_DRAW
-#define _NB_DRAW
-
-#include <GLLoad.h>
-
-#include <exception>
-#include <map>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "Buffers.h"
-#include "Shader.h"
-#include "VAOManager.hpp"
-
-#define THROW_DRAW_ERROR(msg) throw DrawError(msg, __FILE__, __LINE__);
-
-namespace NB{
-
-class DrawError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    DrawError(const std::string&, const std::string& file="", int line=-1);
-};
-
-uint8_t VerticesFromPrimitives(GLenum, unsigned int num_prims=1);
-
-uint8_t PrimitivesFromVertices(GLenum, unsigned int);
-
-void copyVertexAttribute(const VertexAttribute&, VertexAttribute&);
-
-class DrawBuffer {
-public:
-typedef std::shared_ptr<Buffer> BufferManagerPointer;
-    DrawBuffer(VertexAttributeList, GLenum prim_type=GL_TRIANGLES);
-    //DrawBuffer(std::initializer_list<VertexAttribute>, std::initializer_list<VertexAttributePointer>);
-
-    unsigned int vertSize() const;
-    const std::shared_ptr<ShaderProgram> shader() const;
-    unsigned int elementBufferID() const;
-    unsigned int vertexBufferID() const;
-    virtual void draw() const;
-    RawVec vertAttrData(unsigned int);
-
-    VertexAttributeList changeVertLayout(unsigned int, VertexAttributePointer);
-    RawVec vertAttrData(unsigned int, const RawVec&);
-    virtual void elementData(const std::vector<unsigned int>&);
-    virtual void elementData(unsigned int);
-    virtual void elementData(const std::vector<unsigned int>&, unsigned int offset);
-    virtual void vertexData(const RawVec&);
-    virtual void vertexData(unsigned int num_verts);
-    virtual void vertexData(const RawVec&, unsigned int offset);
-
-    BufferManagerPointer _vert_data;
-    BufferManagerPointer _elmt_data;
-    VAOManager _VAO;
-    const GLenum _gl_primitive_type=0;
-    virtual VertexAttributeList defaultVAO(VertexAttributeList);
-    
-    unsigned int _num_verts, _num_prims;
-protected:
-};
-
-class DrawInstanceBuffer : public DrawBuffer {
-public:
-    DrawInstanceBuffer(VertexAttributeList, VertexAttributeList, GLenum primt_type=GL_TRIANGLES);
-
-    unsigned int instSize() const;
-    unsigned int instanceBufferID() const;
-    virtual void draw() const override;
-
-    VertexAttributeList changeInstanceLayout(unsigned int, VertexAttributePointer);
-    virtual void instanceData(const RawVec&);
-    virtual void instanceData(unsigned int);
-    virtual void instanceData(const RawVec&, unsigned int offset);
-
-    BufferManagerPointer _inst_data;
-    virtual VertexAttributeList defaultVAO(VertexAttributeList);
-    unsigned int _num_inst;
-    
-protected:
-};
-
-}
-#endif

engine/NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_OPENGL_LOADER
-#define _NB_OPENGL_LOADER
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
-
-#include <iostream>
-#include <string>
-
-namespace NB {
-
-static unsigned int __NB_GL_DEBUG_ERROR_CODE__;
-
-static std::string formatDebugString(const std::string& msg, const std::string& file="", int line=-1) {
-    std::string ret = "";
-    if (file != "") {
-        ret += "In file " + file;
-        if (line >= 0) {
-            ret += " at line " + std::to_string(line);
-        }
-        ret += ":\n\t";
-    }
-    return ret + msg;
-}
-
-}
-
-#define NB_GL_DEBUG_THROW(cmd, when) while(NB::__NB_GL_DEBUG_ERROR_CODE__=glGetError()){\
-    std::cout << "[GL ERROR]: " << NB::__NB_GL_DEBUG_ERROR_CODE__;\
-    std::cout << " " << when << " " << cmd << "\n";\
-} 
-#define NB_GL_DEBUG(cmd) NB_GL_DEBUG_THROW(#cmd, "before"); cmd; NB_GL_DEBUG_THROW(#cmd, "after");
-
-#endif

engine/NBGraphics/NBGraphicsConfig.cmake.in

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/NBGraphicsTargets.cmake")
+include(CMakeFindDependencyMacro)
+find_dependency(NBCore REQUIRED)
+find_dependency(OpenGL REQUIRED)
+find_dependency(glfw3 REQUIRED)

engine/NBGraphics/VAOManager.hpp

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_VAO_MANAGER
-#define _NB_VAO_MANAGER
-
-#include <GLLoad.h>
-
-#include <exception>
-#include <memory>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "Buffers.h"
-
-#define THROW_VAO_ERROR(msg) throw VAOError(msg, __FILE__, __LINE__);
-
-namespace NB {
-
-class VAOError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    const bool error;
-    VAOError(const std::string& msg, const std::string& file="", int line=-1) 
-        : std::runtime_error(NB::formatDebugString(msg, file, line)), error(true) {}
-    VAOError(bool isError=true) : std::runtime_error(""), error(isError) {}
-};
-
-class VAOManager : public OpenGLObject {
-public:
-    typedef std::shared_ptr<Buffer> BufferManagerPointer;
-    //typedef BufferManager BufferManagerPointer;
-
-    VAOManager();
-    VAOManager(
-        std::vector<BufferManagerPointer>,
-        BufferManagerPointer elmt_buf = nullptr,
-        const VertexAttributeList& vert_attrs = {}
-    );
-    VAOManager(
-        BufferManagerPointer vert_bufs,
-        BufferManagerPointer elmt_buf = nullptr,
-        const VertexAttributeList& vert_attrs = {}
-    ) : VAOManager(std::vector<BufferManagerPointer>(1, vert_bufs), elmt_buf, vert_attrs) {}
-
-    VAOManager(VAOManager&& rhs);
-    VAOManager& operator=(VAOManager&& rhs);
-
-    VertexAttributeList getLayout() const;
-    GLuint id() const;
-    unsigned int vertSize(GLuint) const;
-    std::vector<BufferManagerPointer> getVertexBuffers() const;
-    bool isInitialized() const override;
-    RawVec attributeData(unsigned int);
-
-    RawVec attributeData(unsigned int, const RawVec&);
-    void bind() const;
-    void unbind() const;
-    void addVBO(BufferManagerPointer);
-    void changeEBO(BufferManagerPointer);
-    VertexAttributeList addVertexAttributes(const VertexAttributeList&);
-    VertexAttributeList addVertexAttributes(VertexAttribute);
-    VertexAttributeList generate();
-    VertexAttributeList generate(VertexAttributeList);
-    VertexAttributeList changeLayout(unsigned int, VertexAttributePointer);
-
-    VAOError checkValid(const VertexAttributeList&);
-
-private:
-    void remove() const override;
-
-    using OpenGLObject::_id;
-    std::map<GLuint, BufferManagerPointer> _vert_buffers;
-    BufferManagerPointer _elmt_buffer = nullptr;
-    VertexAttributeList _vert_attrs;
-};
-
-} // namespace NB
-#endif // _NB_VAO_MANAGER

engine/NBGraphics/Window.hpp

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_WINDOW
-#define _NB_WINDOW
-
-#include "GLLoad.hpp"
-
-#include <atomic>
-#include <array>
-#include <map>
-#include <stdexcept>
-#include <string>
-
-namespace nb {
-
-class GLError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    GLError(const std::string&);
-};
-
-class WindowError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    WindowError(const std::string&);
-};
-
-class Window {
-public:
-    static bool StrictInitialization;
-    
-    static int getGLFWHint(int);
-    static int setGLFWHint(int, int);
-    static Window* getCurrent();
-
-    Window(const std::array<uint16_t, 2>, const char*, GLFWmonitor* initMonitor=NULL, GLFWwindow* initWindow=NULL);
-    Window(const uint16_t, const uint16_t, const char*, GLFWmonitor* initMonitor=NULL, GLFWwindow* initWindow=NULL);
-    ~Window();
-
-    int getWindowHint(int) const;
-    GLFWwindow* getWindow() const;
-    std::array<uint16_t, 2> getSize() const;
-    float getAspectRatio() const;
-    std::string getName() const;
-    
-    int init();
-    int setWindowHint(int, int);
-    void setCurrent();
-    void resize(const std::array<uint16_t, 2>);
-    void resize(const uint16_t x, const uint16_t y);
-
-protected:
-    static std::map<GLFWwindow*, Window*> WindowContexts;
-    static std::map<int, int> GLFWHints;
-    static Window* _current;
-    static bool _glfw_init;
-    static bool checkKillGLFW();
-
-    std::map<int, int> windowHints;
-    std::array<uint16_t, 2> windowSize;
-    float _aspect_ratio;
-    std::string windowName;
-    GLFWwindow* window;
-    GLFWmonitor* monitor;
-    GLFWwindow* shareWindow;
-    bool _init = false;
-    int gladResponse = -1;
-};
-
-};
-#endif

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_BUFFER
+#define _NB_BUFFER
+
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+#include <NBCore/Logger.hpp>
+#include <NBCore/Utils.hpp>
+
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+extern const ConstantMap <GLenum, std::string> BufferTypes;
+
+template<GLenum N>
+struct GLSLEnum;
+template<typename T>
+struct GLSLType;
+
+#define GLSLTypeTraits(type_, size_, value_) \
+template<>\
+struct GLSLEnum<value_> {\
+    using type = type_;\
+    static constexpr size_t size = size_;\
+    static constexpr GLenum value=value_;\
+};\
+template<>\
+struct GLSLType<type_> {\
+    using type = type_;\
+    static constexpr size_t size = size_;\
+    static constexpr GLenum value=value_;\
+};
+
+#define GLSLTypeEquivalence(original, newtype) \
+template<>\
+struct GLSLType<newtype> : public GLSLType<original> {};
+
+GLSLTypeTraits(uint8_t, 1, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE);
+GLSLTypeTraits(uint16_t, 2, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT);
+GLSLTypeTraits(uint32_t, 4, GL_UNSIGNED_INT);
+GLSLTypeTraits(int8_t, 1, GL_BYTE);
+GLSLTypeTraits(int16_t, 2, GL_SHORT);
+GLSLTypeTraits(int32_t, 4, GL_INT);
+GLSLTypeTraits(float, 4, GL_FLOAT);
+GLSLTypeTraits(double, 8, GL_DOUBLE);
+
+class BufferError : public Error<BufferError> {
+    protected:
+    using Base = Error<BufferError>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED,
+        DATA_OVERFLOW,
+        DATA_ERROR,
+        BAD_DATA_TYPE
+    };
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+class Buffer : public OpenGLObject {
+    protected:
+    using Codes = BufferError::Codes;
+    using OpenGLObject::_id;
+    GLenum _usage = GL_STATIC_DRAW;
+    size_t _size;
+    virtual GLuint declare() override {
+        if (!_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glGenBuffers(1, &_id));
+        }
+        this->bind();
+        return _id;
+    } 
+    virtual void remove() override {
+        if (_id) {
+            this->unbind();
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDeleteBuffers(1, &_id));
+            _id = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public:
+    const GLenum Target;
+    using OpenGLObject::OpenGLObject;
+    Buffer(GLenum target);
+    Buffer(GLenum target, const ByteVector&, GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+    Buffer(Buffer&& other);
+    Buffer& operator=(Buffer&& rhs);
+
+    virtual void bind() const override {
+        if (_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glBindBuffer(Target, _id));
+        } else {
+            THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+                OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT,
+                "w/ BufferType " + BufferTypes[Target]
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    virtual void unbind() const override { 
+        OPENGL_CALL(glBindBuffer(Target, 0));
+    }
+    GLenum usage() const;
+    size_t size() const;
+    ByteVector data() const;
+
+    void data(const ByteVector& data, GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+    void data(const void* data, size_t size, GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+    void subdata(const void* data, size_t size, GLintptr offset=0);
+    void subdata(const ByteVector& data_, GLintptr offset=0);
+    // virtual void clear() const { glClearBufferData(Target, ) }
+
+};
+
+/* template <typename BufferType>
+class ImmutableBuffer : public virtual Buffer {
+    public:
+    ImmutableBuffer() = default;
+    ImmutableBuffer(
+        size_t size_,
+        GLenum usage_ = GL_STATIC_DRAW,
+        GLbitfield flags_=0x0
+    ) : size(size_), Base::usage(usage_) {
+        glBufferStorage(Target, size, nullptr, flags_);
+    }
+
+    std::weak_ptr<void> map(GLbitfield access_) {
+        if (_map && _mapAccess != access_) { unmap(); }
+        _mapAccess = access_;
+        if (!_map) {
+            bind();
+            glMapBuffer(Target, _mapAccess);
+        }
+        return _map;
+    }
+    void unmap() {
+        bind();
+        glUnmapBuffer(Target);
+        _map.reset();
+    }
+    
+    const size_t size;
+
+protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<void> _map = nullptr;
+    GLbitfield _mapAccess = 0;
+
+}; */
+
+class UniformBuffer : public Buffer {
+    protected:
+    GLuint _index;
+
+    public:
+    UniformBuffer();
+    void bind() const override;
+    GLuint bufferIndex() const;
+    GLuint bufferIndex(GLuint);
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct IsValidGLElementIndexType {
+    static constexpr bool value = false;
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct ValidGLElementIndexType {
+    static constexpr bool value = true;
+    static constexpr GLenum glsltype = GLSLType<T>::value;
+};
+
+
+template<>
+struct IsValidGLElementIndexType<uint8_t> : public ValidGLElementIndexType<uint8_t> {};
+template<>
+struct IsValidGLElementIndexType<uint16_t> : public ValidGLElementIndexType<uint16_t> {};
+template<>
+struct IsValidGLElementIndexType<uint32_t> : public ValidGLElementIndexType<uint32_t> {};
+
+class ElementBuffer : Buffer {
+    private:
+    template<typename T>
+    inline void checkForElementDataType() {
+        static_assert(IsValidGLElementIndexType<T>::value, 
+            "ElementBuffer data type must resolve to one of GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,"
+            "GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, or GL_UNSIGNED_INT"
+        );
+    }
+    
+    protected:
+    using Codes = BufferError::Codes;
+    using OpenGLObject::_id;
+    using Buffer::_usage;
+    using Buffer::_size;
+    using Buffer::declare;
+    using Buffer::remove;
+    GLenum _datatype;
+    template<typename T>
+    inline void checkDatatypeConsistency() {
+        if (_datatype != ValidGLElementIndexType<T>::value) {
+            THROW(BufferError(
+                Codes::BAD_DATA_TYPE,
+                GLenumTable[ValidGLElementIndexType<T>::value] + " not same as buffer "
+                "data type "+GLenumTable[_datatype]
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public:
+    using Buffer::Target;
+    using Buffer::OpenGLObject;
+    using Buffer::bind;
+    using Buffer::unbind;
+    using Buffer::usage;
+    using Buffer::size;
+    template<typename T>
+    ElementBuffer(const std::vector<T>& indices, GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW) : Buffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER) {
+        data(indices, usage);
+    }
+
+    inline GLenum datatype() { return _datatype; }
+
+    template<typename T>
+    void data(const std::vector<T>& data, GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW) {
+        checkForElementDataType<T>();
+        _datatype = ValidGLElementIndexType<T>::glsltype;
+        Buffer::data(vectorToBytes(data), usage);
+    }
+    
+    template<typename T>
+    void data(const T* data, size_t size, GLenum usage=GL_STATIC_DRAW) {
+        checkForElementDataType<T>();
+        _datatype = ValidGLElementIndexType<T>::glsltype;
+        Buffer::data((void*)data, size * sizeof(T), usage);
+    }
+    
+    template<typename T>
+    void subdata(const T* data, size_t size, GLintptr offset=0) {
+        checkForElementDataType<T>();
+        checkDatatypeConsistency<T>();
+        Buffer::subdata((void*)data, size * sizeof(T), offset);
+    }
+    
+    template<typename T>
+    void subdata(const std::vector<T>& data_, GLintptr offset=0) {
+        checkForElementDataType<T>();
+        checkDatatypeConsistency<T>();
+        Buffer::subdata(vectorToBytes(data_), offset);
+    }
+
+};
+
+} // namespace NB
+#endif // _NB_BUFFER

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/Camera.hpp

@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 #ifndef _NB_CAMERA
 #define _NB_CAMERA
 
-#include <GLLoad.h>
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
 #include <glm/glm.hpp>
 #include <glm/gtc/matrix_inverse.hpp>
 #include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
 #include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
 
-namespace NB {
+namespace nb {
 
 class Camera {
 public:

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/FrameBuffers.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_FRAMEBUFFER
+#define _NB_FRAMEBUFFER
+
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Image.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Textures.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+class FrameBufferError : public Error<FrameBufferError> {
+    protected:
+    using Base = Error<FrameBufferError>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, INVALID_VALUE
+    };
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+class RenderBuffer : public RenderTarget {
+    protected:
+    GLuint declare() override {
+        if (!_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(
+                glGenRenderbuffers(1, &_id)
+            );
+            bind();
+            OPENGL_CALL(glRenderbufferStorage(
+                GL_RENDERBUFFER,
+                format,
+                width,
+                height
+            ));
+            return _id;
+        }
+        bind();
+        return _id;
+    }
+    void remove() override {
+        if (_id) {
+            unbind();
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &_id));
+            _id = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public:
+    const unsigned int width;
+    const unsigned int height;
+    const GLenum format;
+    RenderBuffer(
+        GLenum format_,
+        unsigned int width_,
+        unsigned int height_
+    ) :
+        format(format_),
+        width(width_),
+        height(height_),
+        RenderTarget(GL_RENDERBUFFER) 
+    { declare(); }
+    RenderBuffer(RenderBuffer&& rhs) :
+        width(rhs.width),
+        height(rhs.height),
+        format(rhs.format),
+        RenderTarget(std::move(rhs))
+    {}
+    RenderBuffer& operator=(RenderBuffer&&) = delete;
+    void bind() const override {
+        if (_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, _id));
+        } else {
+            THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+                OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT,
+                "w/ RenderBuffer"
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    void unbind() const override {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, 0));
+    }
+
+};
+
+class FrameBufferBase : public OpenGLObject {
+    private:
+    static bool texTypeIs2D(GLenum texType) {
+        switch(texType) {
+            case GL_TEXTURE_2D:
+                return true;
+            case GL_TEXTURE_1D:
+            default:
+                return false;
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    protected:
+    using AttachmentMap = std::unordered_map<GLenum, std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget>>;
+    AttachmentMap _attachments;
+    FrameBufferBase(GLenum target);
+    GLuint declare() override;
+    void remove() override;
+    std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> detach(GLenum);
+    void attach(
+        GLenum attachment,
+        std::shared_ptr<RenderBuffer> renderbuffer
+    );
+
+    public:
+    const GLenum Target;
+    void bind() const override;
+    void unbind() const override;
+    GLenum status() const;
+    bool complete() const;
+    AttachmentMap getAllBuffers() const;
+    std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> getBuffer(GLenum) const;
+    void attach(
+        GLenum attachment,
+        std::shared_ptr<Texture> texture,
+        unsigned int level=0
+    );
+    void attach(
+        GLenum attachment,
+        std::shared_ptr<Texture> texture,
+        unsigned int level,
+        unsigned int layer
+    );
+};
+
+class ReadFrameBuffer;
+class WriteFrameBuffer;
+
+class ReadFrameBuffer : public virtual FrameBufferBase {
+    friend WriteFrameBuffer;
+    protected:
+    using FrameBufferBase::_attachments;
+    GLenum _location;
+
+    public:
+    using FrameBufferBase::attach;
+    ReadFrameBuffer();
+    ReadFrameBuffer& operator=(WriteFrameBuffer&&);
+    ReadFrameBuffer& operator=(ReadFrameBuffer&&);
+    std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> getReadBuffer() const;
+    GLenum getReadLocation() const;
+    std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> setReadBuffer(GLenum attachment);
+    template<typename T, typename... Args>
+    std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> setReadBuffer(
+        GLenum attachment,
+        std::shared_ptr<T> target,
+        Args... args
+    ) {
+        declare();
+        FrameBufferBase::attach(attachment, target, args...);
+        setReadBuffer(attachment);
+        return getReadBuffer();
+    }
+};
+
+class WriteFrameBuffer : public virtual FrameBufferBase {
+    friend ReadFrameBuffer;
+    protected:
+    using DrawTexVec = std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Texture>>;
+    using FrameBufferBase::_attachments;
+    std::vector<GLenum> _locations;
+
+    public:
+    WriteFrameBuffer();
+    WriteFrameBuffer& operator=(ReadFrameBuffer&&);
+    WriteFrameBuffer& operator=(WriteFrameBuffer&&);
+    DrawTexVec getWriteBuffers() const;
+    std::vector<GLenum> getWriteLocations() const;
+    DrawTexVec setWriteBuffers(const std::vector<GLenum>& attachments);
+    std::shared_ptr<Texture> setWriteBuffer(GLenum attachment);
+    template<typename... T>
+    std::shared_ptr<Texture> setWriteBuffer(
+        GLenum attachment,
+        std::shared_ptr<Texture> texture,
+        T... args
+    ) {
+        attach(attachment, texture, args...);
+        setWriteBuffer(attachment);
+        return std::static_pointer_cast<Texture>(_attachments.at(attachment));
+    }
+
+    RGBA<float> clearColorValue() const;
+    RGBA<float> clearColorValue(const RGBA<float>&);
+    RGBA<float> clearColorValue(float r, float g, float b, float a);
+    double clearDepthValue() const;
+    double clearDepthValue(double);
+    GLint clearStencilValue() const;
+    GLint clearStencilValue(GLint);
+    void clear(GLbitfield mask=(
+        GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT
+    )) const;
+    void clearColor() const;
+    void clearDepth() const;
+    void clearDepth(float) const;
+    void clearStencil() const;
+    void clearStencil(GLint) const;
+    void clearDepthStencil() const;
+    void clearDepthStencil(float, GLint) const;
+};
+
+class FrameBuffer : public ReadFrameBuffer, public WriteFrameBuffer {
+    protected:
+    using FrameBufferBase::_attachments;
+    using ReadFrameBuffer::_location;
+    using WriteFrameBuffer::_locations;
+
+    public:
+    FrameBuffer();
+    FrameBuffer& operator=(FrameBuffer&&);
+    FrameBuffer& operator=(ReadFrameBuffer&&);
+    FrameBuffer& operator=(WriteFrameBuffer&&);
+};
+
+} // namespace nb
+
+#endif // _NB_FRAMEBUFFER

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_OPENGL_LOADER
+#define _NB_OPENGL_LOADER
+
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+namespace nb {
+    
+} // namespace nb
+
+#endif

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/Image.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_IMAGE
+#define _NB_IMAGE
+
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+template<typename T>
+struct Color {};
+
+struct Red : Color<Red> {};
+struct Green : Color<Green> {};
+struct Blue : Color<Blue> {};
+struct Alpha : Color<Alpha> {};
+
+struct Depth;
+struct Stencil;
+
+template<typename... T>
+struct PixelChannel;
+
+template<typename T>
+struct PixelChannel<T, Red> {
+    using type=T;
+    T value;
+    T& r=value;
+};
+template<typename T>
+struct PixelChannel<T, Green> { 
+    using type=T;
+    T value;
+    T& g=value;
+};
+template<typename T>
+struct PixelChannel<T, Blue> { 
+    using type=T;
+    T value;
+    T& b=value;
+};
+template<typename T>
+struct PixelChannel<T, Alpha> { 
+    using type=T;
+    T value;
+    T& a=value;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct PixelChannel<T, Depth> {
+    using type=T;
+    T value;
+    T& z=value;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct PixelChannel<uint8_t, Stencil> {
+    using type=uint8_t;
+    uint8_t value;
+    uint8_t& u=value;
+};
+
+template<typename T, typename... Channels>
+struct Pixel : public PixelChannel<T, Channels>... {
+    Pixel() = default;
+    Pixel& operator=(const Pixel& rhs) {
+        ((
+            [&](const typename PixelChannel<T, Channels>::type& val){
+                this->PixelChannel<T, Channels>::value = val;
+            }(rhs.PixelChannel<T, Channels>::value)
+        ), ...);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+
+    Pixel(const Pixel& cpy)
+    : Pixel(cpy.PixelChannel<T, Channels>::value...) {}
+
+    Pixel(typename PixelChannel<T, Channels>::type... vals)
+    : PixelChannel<T, Channels>{vals}... {}
+};
+
+template<typename Ref>
+struct PixelReference;
+
+template<typename T, typename... Channels>
+struct PixelReference<Pixel<T, Channels...>> 
+: public Pixel<T&, Channels...> {
+    using PixelType = Pixel<T, Channels...>;
+    using Base = Pixel<T&, Channels...>;
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    PixelReference(PixelType& pixel)
+    : Base(pixel.PixelChannel<T, Channels>::value...) {}
+
+    operator PixelType() {
+        return PixelType(this->PixelChannel<T&, Channels>::value...);
+    }
+
+    PixelReference& operator=(const PixelType& pixel) {
+        ((
+            [&](const typename PixelChannel<T, Channels>::type& val){
+                this->PixelChannel<T&, Channels>::value = val;
+            }(pixel.PixelChannel<T, Channels>::value)
+        ), ...);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+using RGBA = Pixel<T, Red, Green, Blue, Alpha>;
+
+template <typename T>
+using RGB = Pixel<T, Red, Green, Blue>;
+
+class ImageError : public Error<ImageError> {
+    protected:
+    using Base = Error<ImageError>;
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    public:
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, OUT_OF_BOUNDS
+    };
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class Image;
+
+template<typename T, typename... Channels>
+class Image<Pixel<T, Channels...>> {
+    private:
+    Error<> sizeCompare(const Image& rhs) {
+        const std::string errmsg = "Cannot assign images of different size";
+        if (width != rhs.width) {
+            return Error<>(
+                Error<>::VALUE_ERROR,
+                errmsg+"[ Width: "+std::to_string(width)+\
+                " != "+std::to_string(rhs.width)+" ]" 
+            );
+        }
+        if (height != rhs.height) {
+            return Error<>(
+                Error<>::VALUE_ERROR,
+                errmsg+"[ Width: "+std::to_string(width)+\
+                " != "+std::to_string(rhs.width)+" ]" 
+            );
+        }
+        return Error<>("NoError");
+    }
+
+    protected:
+    using Codes = ImageError::Codes;
+    bool _data_managed;
+    T* _data;
+    Image(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, T* data, bool managed)
+        : width(x), height(y), _data(data), _data_managed(managed) {}
+    void clear() {
+        if (_data_managed) {
+            delete[] _data;
+            _data_managed = false;
+        }
+        _data = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    public:
+    using PixelType = Pixel<T, Channels...>;
+    static constexpr size_t NumberChannels = sizeof...(Channels);
+    const unsigned int width;
+    const unsigned int height;
+    static Image CreateImageStorage(
+        unsigned int width,
+        unsigned int height,
+        T* data=nullptr
+    ) {
+        unsigned int data_size = NumberChannels*width*height*sizeof(T);
+        T* data_ptr = new T[data_size];
+        Image ret(width, height, data_ptr, true);
+        if (data) {
+            std::memcpy(data_ptr, data, data_size);
+        } else {
+            std::memset(data_ptr, 0x00, data_size);
+        }
+        ret._data_managed = true;
+        return ret;
+    }
+    Image(unsigned int x, unsigned int y, T* data=nullptr) 
+        : width(x), height(y), _data(data), _data_managed(false) {}
+    Image(const Image& cpy) 
+    : Image(cpy.width, cpy.height) {
+        *this = cpy;
+    }
+    Image(Image&& mv) 
+    : Image(mv.width, mv.height) {
+        *this = std::move(mv);
+    }
+    Image& operator=(const Image& cpy) {
+        if (_data_managed) {
+            THROW(Error<>(Error<>::OVERWRITE_ERROR));
+        }
+        const Error<> sizeErr = sizeCompare(cpy);
+        if (sizeErr.code!=1) { THROW(sizeErr); }
+        if (!cpy._data_managed) {
+            _data = cpy._data;
+            _data_managed = false;
+        } else {
+            *this = cpy.copy();
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+    Image& operator=(Image&& mv) {
+        if (_data_managed) {
+            THROW(Error<>(Error<>::OVERWRITE_ERROR));
+        }
+        const Error<> sizeErr = sizeCompare(mv);
+        if (sizeErr.code!=1) { THROW(sizeErr); }
+        _data = mv._data;
+        _data_managed = mv._data_managed;
+        mv._data_managed = false;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    virtual ~Image() {
+        clear();
+    }
+
+    const T* data() const { return _data; }
+    Image<PixelType> copy() const {
+        return CreateImageStorage(width, height, _data);
+    }
+    PixelReference<PixelType> at(unsigned int x, unsigned int y) {
+        if (!(x<width) || !(y<height)) {
+            std::string note = "w/ ("+std::to_string(x);
+            note += ", "+std::to_string(y) + ") >= (";
+            note += std::to_string(width)+", "+std::to_string(height);
+            note += ")";
+            THROW(ImageError(
+                Codes::OUT_OF_BOUNDS,
+                note
+            ));
+        }
+        auto coord = y*height+x;
+        return PixelReference<PixelType>(
+           _data[coord*NumberChannels+Find<Channels, Channels...>::value-1]...
+        );
+    }
+
+};
+
+} // namespace nb
+
+#endif // _NB_IMAGE

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/Mesh.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_MESH
+#define _NB_MESH
+
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/VertexArray.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/VertexData.hpp>
+
+namespace nb{
+
+class Mesh {
+    protected:
+    const GLenum _primitive;
+    const unsigned int _count;
+    std::shared_ptr<VAO> _vao;
+
+    public:
+    Mesh(
+        VertexDataPointerList vao,
+        unsigned int count,
+        GLenum primitive=GL_TRIANGLES
+    );
+    Mesh(GLenum primitive, const std::shared_ptr<VAO>& vertex_array,  unsigned int count);
+    Mesh(GLenum primitive, const VertexData& vertex_data,  unsigned int count);
+    Mesh(
+        GLenum primitive,
+        const ByteVector& data,
+        unsigned int count,
+        const std::vector<VertexAttribute>& attributes
+    );
+
+    Mesh(Mesh&&);
+    Mesh(const Mesh&&) = delete;
+    Mesh& operator=(Mesh&&) = delete;
+    Mesh& operator=(const Mesh&) = delete;
+
+    inline virtual void draw() const { this->draw(_count); }
+    inline virtual void draw(unsigned int count) const { this->draw(0, count); }
+    virtual void draw(unsigned int offset, unsigned int count) const;
+    inline GLenum primitive() const { return _primitive; }
+    inline unsigned int count() const { return _count; }
+    inline std::shared_ptr<VAO> vao() const { return _vao; }
+};
+
+class InstancedMesh : public Mesh {
+    protected:
+    using Mesh::_primitive;
+    using Mesh::_count;
+    using Mesh::_vao;
+
+    public:
+    virtual void draw(unsigned int offset, unsigned int count) const;
+};
+
+class IndexedMesh : public Mesh {
+    protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<ElementBuffer> _ebo;
+
+    public:
+    template<typename T>
+    IndexedMesh(
+        GLenum primitive,
+        const ByteVector& data,
+        const std::vector<VertexAttribute>& attributes,
+        const std::vector<T>& indices
+    ) : Mesh(primitive, data, indices.size(), attributes) {
+        _vao->bind();
+        _ebo = std::make_shared<ElementBuffer>(indices);
+    }
+
+    using Mesh::draw;
+    virtual void draw(unsigned int offset, unsigned int count) const;
+};
+
+class InstancedIndexedMesh : virtual public IndexedMesh {};
+
+
+}
+#endif

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_OGL_OBJECTS
+#define _NB_OGL_OBJECTS
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+#include <NBCore/Utils.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+typedef ConstantMap<GLenum, std::string> GLEnumTableType;
+
+extern const GLEnumTableType GLenumTable;
+extern const ConstantMap<TypeCodes, GLint> TypeToGLSL;
+
+class OpenGLError : public Error<OpenGLError> {
+    using Base = Error<OpenGLError>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        NO_ERROR = GL_NO_ERROR,
+        INVALID_ENUM = GL_INVALID_ENUM,
+        INVALID_VALUE = GL_INVALID_VALUE,
+        INVALID_OPERATION = GL_INVALID_OPERATION,
+        INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION = GL_INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION,
+        OUT_OF_MEMORY = GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY,
+        STACK_UNDERFLOW = GL_STACK_UNDERFLOW,
+        STACK_OVERFLOW = GL_STACK_OVERFLOW
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+    static OpenGLError status();
+    static OpenGLError status(const std::string& note);
+};
+
+class OpenGLObjectError : public Error<OpenGLObjectError> {
+    using Base = Error<OpenGLObjectError>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, HANGING_OBJECT, INVALID_OBJECT, INVALID_CONTEXT
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+class OpenGLObject {
+    public:
+    OpenGLObject(const OpenGLObject&) = delete;
+    OpenGLObject& operator=(const OpenGLObject&) = delete;
+    OpenGLObject(OpenGLObject&&);
+    OpenGLObject& operator=(OpenGLObject&&);
+    virtual ~OpenGLObject() {};
+    
+    virtual void bind() const = 0;
+    virtual void unbind() const = 0;
+    GLuint id() const { return _id; }
+    
+    
+    protected:
+    using Codes = OpenGLObjectError::Codes;
+    OpenGLObject();
+    
+    void checkObjectContextValidity();
+    virtual GLuint declare() = 0;
+    virtual void remove() = 0;
+
+    const GLFWwindow* const _arena;
+    GLuint _id = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace nb
+#ifndef OPENGL_CALL
+    #ifdef _NB_MONITOR_OPENGL_CALLS
+        namespace NB_OPENGL_CALL_MONITORING {
+            template<typename Fn>
+            inline auto run_expression(
+                const std::string& file,
+                unsigned int line,
+                Fn fn
+            ) {
+                auto check_ = [file, line](const std::string& note="") {
+                    const auto no_err = nb::OpenGLError::NO_ERROR;
+                    auto stat = nb::OpenGLError::status(note);
+                    if (stat.code != no_err) {
+                        THROW_W_CODE_LOC(file, line, stat);
+                    }
+                };
+                if constexpr(std::is_same_v<std::invoke_result_t<Fn>, void>) {
+                    check_("Pre-call state");
+                    fn();
+                    check_("Post-call state");
+                } else {
+                    check_("Pre-call state");
+                    auto ret = fn();
+                    check_("Post-call state");
+                    return ret;
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        #define OPENGL_CALL(expression) NB_OPENGL_CALL_MONITORING::run_expression(\
+            __FILE__,\
+            __LINE__,\
+            [&]() {return expression;}\
+        )
+    #else
+        #define OPENGL_CALL(x) x
+    #endif // _NB_MONITOR_OPENGL_CALLS
+
+#endif // OPENGL_CALL
+
+#endif // _NB_OGL_OBJECTS

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/ProgramPipeline.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_SHADER
+#define _NB_SHADER
+
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+#include <NBCore/Utils.hpp>
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+class ShaderError : public Error<ShaderError> {
+    using Base = Error<ShaderError>;
+
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+class ProgramError : public Error<ProgramError> {
+    using Base = Error<ProgramError>;
+
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, LINKING_ERROR
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+enum OpenGLProfiles {
+    Core,
+    Compatibility,
+    ES
+};
+
+class Shader : public OpenGLObject {
+    using Base = OpenGLObject;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    using Base::id;
+    Shader(GLenum, const std::string&);
+    Shader(GLenum, const std::vector<std::string>&);
+    Shader(Shader&&);
+    Shader& operator=(Shader&&) = delete;
+    ~Shader() { remove(); }
+    operator bool();
+    virtual void bind() const override { /* TODO: Some warning of some kind perhaps*/ }
+    virtual void unbind() const override { /* TODO: Some warning of some kind perhaps*/ }
+    bool success() const;
+    GLint status(GLenum) const;
+    std::string log() const;
+    const GLenum target;
+    friend Base;
+
+    protected:
+    using Base::_id;
+    GLint _success;
+    std::vector<std::string> _sources;
+
+    virtual void compile() {
+        int num_srcs = _sources.size();
+        std::vector<char*> src_ptrs(num_srcs);
+        for (int i=0; i < num_srcs; ++i) {
+            src_ptrs[i] = _sources[i].data();
+        }
+        OPENGL_CALL(glShaderSource(_id, num_srcs, src_ptrs.data(), NULL));
+        OPENGL_CALL(glCompileShader(_id));
+        _success = status(GL_COMPILE_STATUS);
+        if (!_success) {
+            WARN(log(), 0x0FE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual GLuint declare() override {
+        if (!_id) {
+            _id = _id = OPENGL_CALL(glCreateShader(target));
+        }
+        return _id;
+    }
+
+    virtual void remove() override {
+        if (_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDeleteShader(_id));
+        }
+    }
+
+};
+
+class Program : public OpenGLObject {
+    using Base = OpenGLObject;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    using Base::id;
+    Program(SharedVector<Shader>);
+    Program(Program&&);
+    Program& operator=(Program&&) = delete;
+    operator bool();
+    ~Program() { remove(); }
+    void bind() const override {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glUseProgram(_id));
+    }
+    void unbind() const override { /* TODO: Some warning of some kind perhaps*/ }
+    GLint status(GLenum) const;
+    std::string log() const;
+    void setUniform(const std::string& blockname, std::shared_ptr<UniformBuffer>);
+    void setUniformBinding(const std::string& blockname, GLuint index);
+    GLuint getUniformBinding(const std::string& blockname) const;
+
+    friend Base;
+
+    protected:
+    using Base::_id;
+    GLint _success;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, GLuint> _uniformBindings;
+    virtual GLuint declare() override {
+        if (!_id) {
+            _id = OPENGL_CALL(glCreateProgram());
+        }
+        return _id;
+    } 
+    virtual void remove() override {
+        if (_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDeleteProgram(_id));
+        }
+    }
+
+};
+
+}
+#endif

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/Textures.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_TEXTURES
+#define _NB_TEXTURES
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Image.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+
+/*! @file Textures.hpp */
+
+namespace nb {
+
+class TextureBuffer : public virtual Buffer {
+    public:
+    TextureBuffer() : Buffer(GL_TEXTURE_BUFFER) {}
+
+};
+
+/*!
+    @brief An OpenGL object that may be rendered to within a Framebuffer.
+*/
+class RenderTarget : public OpenGLObject {
+    protected:
+    using Base = OpenGLObject;
+    using Base::_id;
+    RenderTarget(GLenum target) : Target(target) {}
+
+    public:
+    using Base::id;
+    RenderTarget(RenderTarget&& mv);
+    RenderTarget& operator=(RenderTarget&& mv);
+    const GLenum Target;
+};
+
+/*!
+    @brief An OpenGL Target object
+*/
+class Texture : public RenderTarget {
+    protected:
+    using Base = RenderTarget;
+    using Base::_id;
+    Texture(GLenum);
+    virtual GLuint  declare() override {
+        if (!_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glGenTextures(1, &_id));
+        }
+        bind();
+        return _id;
+    }
+    virtual void remove() override {
+        if (_id) {
+            bind();
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDeleteTextures(0, &_id));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public:
+    using Base::id;
+    using Base::Target;
+    Texture(Texture&& mv);
+    Texture& operator=(Texture&& mv);
+    
+    void bind() const override {
+        if (_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glBindTexture(Target, _id));
+        } else {
+            THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+                OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT,
+                "w/ Texture"
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    void unbind() const override {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glBindTexture(Target, 0));
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    void parameter(GLenum param_, const T& val_);
+    void parameter(GLenum param_, const float& val_) {
+        declare();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glTexParameterf(Target, param_, val_)
+        );
+    }
+    void parameter(GLenum param_, const int& val_) {
+        declare();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glTexParameteri(Target, param_, val_)
+        );
+    }
+    void parameter(GLenum param_, const std::vector<float>& val_) {
+        declare();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glTexParameterfv(Target, param_, val_.data())
+        );
+    }
+    void parameter(GLenum param_, const std::vector<int>& val_) {
+        declare();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glTexParameteriv(Target, param_, val_.data())
+        );
+    }
+    void parameter(GLenum param_, const std::vector<unsigned int>& val_) {
+        declare();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glTexParameterIuiv(Target, param_, val_.data())
+        );
+    }
+    void generateMipmaps() const {
+        bind();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glGenerateMipmap(Target)
+        );
+    }
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct OGLPixelFormat;
+
+template<typename T, typename... Channels>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<T, Channels...>>;
+
+template<>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<uint8_t, Red, Green, Blue, Alpha>> {
+    static constexpr GLenum glBase = GL_RGBA;
+    static constexpr GLenum glFormat = GL_RGBA8UI;
+    static constexpr GLenum glData = GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<float, Red, Green, Blue, Alpha>> {
+    static constexpr GLenum glBase = GL_RGBA;
+    static constexpr GLenum glFormat = GL_RGBA32F;
+    static constexpr GLenum glData = GL_FLOAT;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<uint8_t, Red, Green, Blue>> {
+    static constexpr GLenum glBase = GL_RGB;
+    static constexpr GLenum glFormat = GL_RGB8UI;
+    static constexpr GLenum glData = GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<float, Red, Green, Blue>> {
+    static constexpr GLenum glBase = GL_RGB;
+    static constexpr GLenum glFormat = GL_RGB32F;
+    static constexpr GLenum glData = GL_FLOAT;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<float, Red, Green>> {
+    static constexpr GLenum glBase = GL_RG;
+    static constexpr GLenum glFormat = GL_RG32F;
+    static constexpr GLenum glData = GL_FLOAT;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct OGLPixelFormat<Pixel<float, Red>> {
+    static constexpr GLenum glBase = GL_RED;
+    static constexpr GLenum glFormat = GL_R32F;
+    static constexpr GLenum glData = GL_FLOAT;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class Texture2D;
+
+template<typename T, typename... Channels>
+class Texture2D<Pixel<T, Channels...>> : public Texture {
+    protected:
+    using Texture::Texture;
+    using PixelType = Pixel<T, Channels...>;
+
+    public:
+    using Texture::generateMipmaps;
+    Texture2D() : Texture(GL_TEXTURE_2D) {}
+    Texture2D(Texture2D&& cpy) {
+        *this = std::move(cpy);
+    }
+    Texture2D& operator=(Texture2D&& rhs) {
+        return Texture::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    void setLayer(const Image<PixelType>& img, unsigned int layer) {
+        using Format = OGLPixelFormat<PixelType>;
+        declare();
+        auto data = img.data();
+        OPENGL_CALL(glTexImage2D(
+            Target,
+            layer,
+            Format::glFormat,
+            img.width,
+            img.height,
+            0,
+            Format::glBase,
+            Format::glData,
+            data ? data : nullptr
+        ));
+    }
+    void setTexture(const Image<PixelType>& img, bool generateMipmap=true) {
+        setLayer(img, 0);
+        if (generateMipmap) { generateMipmaps(); }
+    }
+
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+class Texture1D;
+
+template<typename T, typename... Channels>
+class Texture1D<Pixel<T, Channels...>> : public Texture {
+    protected:
+    using Texture::Texture;
+    using PixelType = Pixel<T, Channels...>;
+
+    public:
+    using Texture::generateMipmaps;
+    Texture1D() : Texture(GL_TEXTURE_1D) {}
+    Texture1D(Texture1D&& cpy) {
+        *this = std::move(cpy);
+    }
+    Texture1D& operator=(Texture1D&& rhs) {
+        return Texture::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    void setLayer(const Image<PixelType>& tex, unsigned int layer) {
+        if (tex.height != 1) {
+            THROW(Error<>(
+                Error<>::VALUE_ERROR,
+                "Image must be of height 1"
+            ));
+        }
+        using Format = OGLPixelFormat<PixelType>;
+        declare();
+        auto data = tex.data();
+        OPENGL_CALL(glTexImage1D(
+            Target,
+            layer,
+            Format::glFormat,
+            tex.width,
+            0,
+            Format::glBase,
+            Format::glData,
+            data ? data : nullptr
+        ));
+    }
+    void setTexture(const Image<PixelType>& tex, bool generateMipmap=true) {
+        setLayer(tex, 0);
+        if (generateMipmap) { generateMipmaps(); }
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+class Texture1DArray;
+
+template <typename... T>
+class Texture1DArray<Pixel<T...>> : public Texture {
+    protected:
+
+    public:
+    using Texture::generateMipmaps;
+    Texture1DArray() : Texture(GL_TEXTURE_1D_ARRAY) {
+
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace nb
+#endif // _NB_TEXTURES

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/VertexArray.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_VERTEX_ARRAY
+#define _NB_VERTEX_ARRAY
+
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/VertexData.hpp>
+
+
+namespace nb {
+
+static uint8_t GLSLTypeSize(GLenum type) {
+    switch(type) {
+    case GL_SHORT:
+    case GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT:
+    case GL_HALF_FLOAT:
+        return 2;
+        break;
+    case GL_INT:
+    case GL_UNSIGNED_INT:
+    case GL_FLOAT:
+        return 4;
+        break;
+    case GL_DOUBLE:
+        return 8;
+        break;
+    default:
+        return 1;
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool isIndexInVertexAttribute(int i, const VertexAttribute& va) {
+    if ((i -= va.layout.offset) < 0) { return false; }
+    return (i%va.layout.stride) < GLSLTypeSize(TypeToGLSL[va.type]) * va.size;
+}
+
+typedef std::vector<VertexData> VertexDataList;
+typedef std::vector<VertexDataPointer> VertexDataPointerList;
+
+class VAOError : public Error<VAOError> {
+    using Base = Error<VAOError>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, INVALID_ATTRIBUTE
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+class VAO : public OpenGLObject {
+    using Base = OpenGLObject;
+    using Codes = VAOError::Codes;
+
+    protected:
+    using Base::_id;
+    VertexDataPointerList _vertexdata;
+
+    virtual void remove() override {
+        if(_id) {
+            disable();
+            bind();
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &_id));
+            _id = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    virtual GLuint declare() override {
+        if (!_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glGenVertexArrays(1, &_id));
+        }
+        bind();
+        return _id;
+    }
+
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    VAO() = default;
+    VAO(const VertexDataPointerList&);
+    VAO(VAO&&);
+
+    VAO& operator=(VAO&&);
+
+    virtual void bind() const override {
+        if(_id) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(_id));
+        } else {
+            THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+                OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT,
+                "w/ VertexArrayObject"
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    virtual void unbind() const override {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(0));
+    }
+
+    VertexDataPointerList attributes() const;
+    VertexDataPointerList attributes(const VertexDataPointerList&);
+    VertexDataPointerList attributes(const VertexDataList&);
+    VertexDataPointer attribute(GLuint) const;
+    void enable() const;
+    void enable(GLuint) const;
+    void disable() const;
+    void disable(GLuint) const;
+
+};
+
+class VertexError : public Error<VertexError> {
+    protected:
+    using Base = Error<VertexError>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, MISALIGNED_DATA
+    };
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+
+};
+
+} // namespace nb
+#endif // _NB_VERTEX_ARRAY

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/VertexData.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_VERTEX_DATA
+#define _NB_VERTEX_DATA
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <NBCore/TypeTraits.hpp>
+#include <NBCore/Utils.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+
+// #include <NBGraphics/VertexArray.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+struct VertexAtrributeLayout {
+    unsigned int offset = 0;
+    int stride = 0;
+    unsigned int divisor = 0;
+};
+
+struct VertexAttribute {
+    unsigned int size;
+    TypeCodes type;
+    bool normalized;
+    VertexAtrributeLayout layout;
+};
+
+struct VertexData {
+    std::shared_ptr<Buffer> data;
+    std::vector<VertexAttribute> attributes;
+    VertexData(std::shared_ptr<Buffer>, const std::vector<VertexAttribute>&);
+    VertexData(const ByteVector&, const std::vector<VertexAttribute>&);
+};
+
+struct VertexDataPointer {
+    std::shared_ptr<VertexData> vertexdata;
+    unsigned int index;
+};
+
+} //  namespace nb
+#endif

engine/NBGraphics/include/NBGraphics/Window.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_WINDOW
+#define _NB_WINDOW
+
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+#include <NBCore/Utils.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+class GLFWError : public Error<GLFWError> {
+    using Base = Error<GLFWError>;
+
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, INIT_FAILED, GLFW_INTIALIZED, GLAD_FAILED,
+        NOT_MAIN, WINDOW_FAILED
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+class OGLWindow {
+    using GLFWHint = std::array<int, 2>;
+    private:
+    static inline void CheckForMainThread() {
+        if (nb::CurrentTID != nb::MainTID) {
+            THROW(GLFWError(GLFWError::Codes::NOT_MAIN));
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected:
+    static std::atomic<unsigned int> _count;
+    static std::atomic<bool> _glfwInitialized;
+    static thread_local GLFWwindow* _currWindow;
+    static thread_local const GLFWwindow* _currArena;
+    
+    static void SetHintInteger(const std::array<int, 2>&);
+    static void SetHintString(const std::tuple<int, std::string>&);
+    
+    std::string _title;
+    GLFWwindow* _window_ptr;
+    const GLFWwindow* _arena;
+
+    OGLWindow(
+        unsigned int,
+        unsigned int,
+        const std::string&,
+        const std::vector<std::array<int, 2>>&,
+        const std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string>>&,
+        GLFWwindow* sharingContext = NULL
+    );
+    GLFWwindow* makeCurrent() const;
+    void detachWindow();
+
+    public:
+    enum Callbacks {
+        KEY, CHAR, CHAR_MODS, MOUSE_BUTTON, CURSOR_POS, CURSOR_ENTER,
+        SCROLL, DROP, WINDOW_POS, WINDOW_SIZE, WINDOW_CLOSE, WINDOW_REFRESH,
+        WINDOW_FOCUS, WINDOW_ICONIFY, WINDOW_MAX, FRAMEBUFFER_SIZE, WINDOW_SCALE,
+    };
+    template<typename... T>
+    using CallbackFunc = void(*)(OGLWindow*, T...);
+
+    static inline bool IsGLFWInitialized() { return _glfwInitialized; }
+    static bool InitGLFW(const std::vector<GLFWHint>& hints={});
+    static bool TerminateGLFW();
+    static inline GLFWwindow* GetCurrentWindow() { return _currWindow; }
+    static inline const GLFWwindow* GetCurrentObjectArena() { return _currArena; }
+    static GLFWwindow* MakeCurrent(const std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow>&);
+    static inline GLFWwindow* DropCurrent() { return MakeCurrent(nullptr); }
+    static void DestroyWindow(std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow>&);
+    static std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow> CreateWindow(
+        unsigned int x,
+        unsigned int y,
+        const std::string& title,
+        const std::vector<std::array<int, 2>>& integerHints={},
+        const std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string>>& stringHints={}
+    );
+    static std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow> CreateSharedWindow(
+        unsigned int x,
+        unsigned int y,
+        const std::string& title,
+        std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow> sharingWindow,
+        const std::vector<std::array<int, 2>>& integerHints={},
+        const std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string>>& stringHints={}
+    );
+    OGLWindow(OGLWindow&&) = delete;
+    OGLWindow(const OGLWindow&) = delete;
+    ~OGLWindow();
+    inline bool operator==(const OGLWindow& rhs) { return _window_ptr==rhs._window_ptr; }
+
+    int getWindowAttribute(int) const;
+    inline GLFWwindow* getWindowPtr() const { return _window_ptr; }
+    inline const GLFWwindow* getObjectArena() const { return _arena; }
+    inline std::string getTitle() const { return _title; }
+    std::array<int, 2> getSize() const;
+    bool shouldClose() const;
+    inline void processEvents() const { CheckForMainThread(); glfwPollEvents(); }
+    inline void refresh() const { glfwSwapBuffers(_window_ptr); }
+
+    void setSize(unsigned int x, unsigned int y);
+    void setTitle(const std::string&);
+    void shouldClose(bool);
+/*     template<enum Callbacks, typename Func>
+    void setCallBack(Func); */
+};
+
+};
+#endif

engine/NBGraphics/shader.hpp

@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_SHADER
-#define _NB_SHADER
-
-#include <GLLoad.h>
-
-#include <cctype>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <exception>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <map>
-#include <regex>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <string>
-#include <utility>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include <glm/glm.hpp>
-#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
-#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
-
-// #define _PREPROC_FUNC_PARAMS_ (const ShaderPreprocessor&, ShaderUnit&, unsigned int, const std::string&, std::vector<uint8_t>&)
-
-namespace NB {
-
-class ShaderPreprocessorError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    enum Codes : unsigned char {
-        NONE,
-        FILE_NOT_FOUND,
-        BUILTIN_NOT_FOUND,
-        CUSTOM,
-        UNDEFINED
-    };
-
-    const Codes code;
-
-    ShaderPreprocessorError(const std::string&, const std::string& file="", int line=-1);
-    ShaderPreprocessorError(Codes, const std::string& arg="", const std::string& file="", int line=-1);
-
-protected:
-    static std::string errorCodeParser(Codes, const std::string& arg="");
-};
-
-class ShaderError : public std::runtime_error {
-public:
-    ShaderError(const std::string&, const char* shad=nullptr, const std::string& file="", int line=-1);
-
-protected:
-    std::string formatString(const std::string&, const char* shad=nullptr, const std::string& file="", int line=-1);
-};
-
-struct File {
-    // typedef std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string> FilePath;
-    struct FilePath {
-        std::string dir;
-        std::string basename;
-        std::string ext;
-    };
-    FilePath path;
-    std::stringstream src;
-    std::map<unsigned int, std::shared_ptr<File>> include_map;
-
-    File() {}
-    File(const File& rhs) { *this = rhs; }
-
-    File& operator=(const File& rhs) {
-        path = rhs.path;
-        src.str("");
-        src << rhs.src.rdbuf();
-        include_map = rhs.include_map;
-        return *this;
-    }
-};
-
-// File::FilePath get_file_path(std::string);
-
-class ShaderPreprocessor;
-
-enum OpenGLProfiles {
-    Core,
-    Compatibility,
-    ES
-};
-
-struct ShaderUnit {
-    GLenum type = 0x0;
-    File file;
-    std::string preprocSource;
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> defines;
-    short vMajor=0, vMinor=0;
-    OpenGLProfiles profile = Core;
-};
-
-class ShaderPreprocessor;
-
-class ShaderProgram {
-    friend ShaderPreprocessor;
-public:
-    ShaderProgram() {}
-    ShaderProgram(const ShaderProgram& rhs) = delete;
-    ShaderProgram(ShaderProgram&& rhs);
-
-    ~ShaderProgram();
-
-    ShaderProgram& operator=(const ShaderProgram& rhs) = delete;
-    ShaderProgram& operator=(ShaderProgram&& rhs);
-
-    std::vector<ShaderUnit> getShaders() const;
-    ShaderUnit getShaders(unsigned int) const;
-    void use() const;
-    unsigned int id() const;
-
-    void setBool(const std::string& name, bool value) const;
-    void setInt(const std::string& name, int value) const;
-    void setUnsigned(const std::string& name, int value) const;
-    void setFloat(const std::string& name, float value) const;
-    void setMat4(const std::string& name, glm::mat4& value) const;
-
-    static ShaderProgram CreateShaderProgram(std::vector<ShaderUnit>&);
-
-private:
-    ShaderProgram(std::vector<ShaderUnit>& shaders) : _shader_units(shaders){}
-    
-    std::vector<ShaderUnit> _shader_units;
-    unsigned int _id;
-};
-
-class ShaderPreprocessor {
-public:
-    typedef ShaderPreprocessorError::Codes Codes;
-
-    enum TokenType {
-        TK,
-        DR,
-        WS,
-        NL,
-        LC,
-        BC
-    };
-    static std::string TokenName(const TokenType&);
-
-    std::map<std::string, GLenum> AcceptedExtensions = {
-        {".frag", GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER},
-        {".fs", GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER},
-        {".vert", GL_VERTEX_SHADER},
-        {".vs", GL_VERTEX_SHADER},
-        {".tess", 0x0},
-        {".geom", GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER},
-        {".comp", 0x0},
-        {".shad", 0x0},
-        {".glsl", 0x0}
-    };
-    std::map<std::string, OpenGLProfiles> AcceptedProfiles {
-        {"core", Core},
-        {"compatibility", Compatibility},
-        {"es", ES}
-    };
-    std::vector<std::string> Directories;
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> BuiltIns;
-
-    ShaderPreprocessor();
-    
-    
-    File load(const std::string, bool builtin_first=false) const;
-    ShaderUnit& preprocess(const std::string&, ShaderUnit&) const;
-    ShaderUnit preprocess(File, GLenum shader_type=0x0) const;
-    ShaderUnit preprocess(const std::string&, GLenum shader_type=0x0) const;
-    ShaderProgram ReloadFromFile(const ShaderProgram& rhs) const;
-    ShaderProgram CreateShaderProgram(std::vector<std::string>) const;
-
-private:
-    typedef std::pair<TokenType, std::string> Token;
-    typedef std::vector<std::string> StringVec; 
-
-    inline bool directive_dispatch(ShaderUnit&, const std::string&) const;
-    inline std::vector<Token> tokenize(const std::string&) const;
-
-    inline bool preprocessor_include(ShaderUnit&, const StringVec&, const std::string&) const;
-    inline bool preprocessor_version(ShaderUnit&, const StringVec&, const std::string&) const;
-    inline bool preprocessor_define(ShaderUnit&, const StringVec&, const std::string&) const;
-    // inline bool preprocessor_uniform(ShaderUnit&, const std::string&, const std::string&) const;
-
-    File loadFromBase(const std::string, const std::string base="") const;
-    File loadFromDirectories(const std::string) const;
-    File loadFromBuiltIn(const std::string) const;
-    File load_BuiltInFirst(const std::string) const;
-    File load_FilesFirst(const std::string) const;
-};
-
-}
-#endif

engine/NBGraphics/src/Buffers.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,118 @@
-#include "Buffers.hpp"
+#include <NBGraphics/Buffers.hpp>
 
 namespace nb {
 
+const ConstantMap<GLenum, std::string> BufferTypes({
+    {GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, "GL_ARRAY_BUFFER"},
+    {GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, "GL_ELEMENT_BUFFER"}
+});
+
+using BufferErrorCodes = BufferError::Codes;
+const std::string BufferError::type = "nb::BufferError";
+const ErrorCodeMap BufferError::ErrorMessages = {
+    { BufferErrorCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error" },
+    { BufferErrorCodes::DATA_OVERFLOW, "Attempting buffer overflow" },
+    { BufferErrorCodes::DATA_ERROR, "Invalid memory operation" },
+    { BufferErrorCodes::BAD_DATA_TYPE, "Entered data type not allowed for buffer type"}
+};
+
+//  class Buffer
+
+Buffer::Buffer(GLenum target_) : OpenGLObject(), Target(target_) {
+    declare();
+} 
+
+Buffer::Buffer(GLenum target_, const ByteVector& data_, GLenum usage_) : Buffer(target_) {
+    bind();
+    data(data_, usage_);
+}
+
+Buffer::Buffer(Buffer&& rval) : Target(rval.Target) {
+    *this = std::move(rval);
+}
+
+Buffer& Buffer::operator=(Buffer&& rhs) {
+    if (Target != rhs.Target) {
+        auto targ_name = BufferTypes[Target];
+        THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+            OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT,
+            "w/ BufferType "+targ_name+" != BufferType "+BufferTypes[Target]
+        ));
+    }
+    OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    _usage = rhs._usage;
+    _size = rhs._size;
+
+    rhs._usage = GL_STATIC_DRAW;
+    rhs._size = 0;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+GLenum Buffer::usage() const { return _usage; }
+
+size_t Buffer::size() const { return _size; }
+
+ByteVector Buffer::data() const {
+    bind();
+    ByteVector ret(_size);
+    OPENGL_CALL(glGetBufferSubData(Target, 0, _size, ret.data()));
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void Buffer::data(const void* data_, size_t size_, GLenum usage_) {
+    declare();
+    OPENGL_CALL(glBufferData(Target, size_, data_, usage_));
+    _size = size_;
+    _usage = usage_;
+}
+
+void Buffer::data(const ByteVector& data_, GLenum usage_) {
+    declare();
+    data(data_.data(), data_.size(), usage_);
+}
+
+void Buffer::subdata(const void* data_, size_t size_, GLintptr offset_) {
+    bind();
+    if (offset_+size_ <= _size) {
+        THROW(BufferError(BufferError::Codes::DATA_OVERFLOW));
+    }
+    OPENGL_CALL(glBufferSubData(Target, offset_, size_, data_));
+}
+
+void Buffer::subdata(const ByteVector& data_, GLintptr offset_) {
+    bind();
+    size_t size_ = data_.size();
+    subdata(data_.data(), size_);
+}
+
+// class UniformBuffer
+UniformBuffer::UniformBuffer() : Buffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER) {}
+
+void UniformBuffer::bind() const {
+    Buffer::bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(glBindBufferBase(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, _index, id()));
+}
+
+GLuint UniformBuffer::bufferIndex() const { return _index; }
+
+GLuint UniformBuffer::bufferIndex(GLuint idx) {
+    return (_index = idx);
+}
+
+// class ElementBuffer
+
+template void ElementBuffer::data<uint8_t>(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data, GLenum usage);
+template void ElementBuffer::data<uint16_t>(const std::vector<uint16_t>& data, GLenum usage);
+template void ElementBuffer::data<uint32_t>(const std::vector<uint32_t>& data, GLenum usage);
+template void ElementBuffer::data<uint8_t>(const uint8_t* const data, size_t size, GLenum usage);
+template void ElementBuffer::data<uint16_t>(const uint16_t* const data, size_t size, GLenum usage);
+template void ElementBuffer::data<uint32_t>(const uint32_t* const data, size_t size, GLenum usage);
+
+template void ElementBuffer::subdata<uint8_t>(const uint8_t* const data, size_t size, GLintptr offset=0);
+template void ElementBuffer::subdata<uint16_t>(const uint16_t* const data, size_t size, GLintptr offset=0);
+template void ElementBuffer::subdata<uint32_t>(const uint32_t* const data, size_t size, GLintptr offset=0);
+template void ElementBuffer::subdata<uint8_t>(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data, GLintptr offset=0);
+template void ElementBuffer::subdata<uint16_t>(const std::vector<uint16_t>& data, GLintptr offset=0);
+template void ElementBuffer::subdata<uint32_t>(const std::vector<uint32_t>& data, GLintptr offset=0);
+
 }

engine/NBGraphics/src/Camera.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-#include "Camera.h"
-namespace NB {
+#include <NBGraphics/Camera.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
 
 // Camera class
 Camera::Camera(const Vec3& pos, const Vec3& tar, const Vec3& up) {

engine/NBGraphics/src/Draw.cpp

@@ -1,307 +0,0 @@
-#include "Draw.h"
-
-namespace NB{
-
-DrawError::DrawError(
-    const std::string& msg,
-    const std::string& file,
-    int line) : std::runtime_error(NB::formatDebugString(msg, file, line)) {}
-
-uint8_t VerticesFromPrimitives(GLenum type, unsigned int num_prims) {
-    switch(type) {
-    case GL_POINTS:
-        return num_prims;
-    case GL_LINES:
-        return num_prims*2;
-        break;
-    case GL_LINE_STRIP:
-        return num_prims+1;
-        break;
-    case GL_LINE_LOOP:
-        return num_prims;
-        break;
-    case GL_TRIANGLES:
-        return num_prims*3;
-        break;
-    case GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
-    case GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:
-        return num_prims+2;
-        break;
-    case GL_QUADS:
-        return 4*num_prims;
-        break;
-    case GL_QUAD_STRIP:
-        return 2*num_prims+2;
-        break;
-    default:
-        return num_prims;
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-uint8_t PrimitivesFromVertices(GLenum type, unsigned int num_verts) {
-    switch(type) {
-    case GL_POINTS:
-        return num_verts;
-    case GL_LINES:
-        return num_verts/2;
-        break;
-    case GL_LINE_STRIP:
-        return num_verts-1;
-        break;
-    case GL_LINE_LOOP:
-        return num_verts;
-        break;
-    case GL_TRIANGLES:
-        return num_verts/3;
-        break;
-    case GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
-    case GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:
-        return num_verts-2;
-        break;
-    case GL_QUADS:
-        return num_verts/4;
-        break;
-    case GL_QUAD_STRIP:
-        return num_verts/2 - 1;
-        break;
-    default:
-        return num_verts;
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// DrawBuffer class
-DrawBuffer::DrawBuffer(VertexAttributeList vas, GLenum prim_type)
-: _gl_primitive_type(prim_type), _VAO() {
-    _vert_data = std::make_shared<Buffer>(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-    _elmt_data = std::make_shared<Buffer>(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-    _VAO.addVBO(_vert_data);
-    _VAO.changeEBO(_elmt_data);
-    try {
-        throw _VAO.checkValid(vas);
-    } catch (VAOError vaoe) {
-        if (vaoe.error) {
-            _VAO.addVertexAttributes(DrawBuffer::defaultVAO(vas));
-        } else {
-            _VAO.addVertexAttributes(vas);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList DrawBuffer::defaultVAO(VertexAttributeList vert_attrs) {
-    GLuint vert_id = _vert_data->id();
-    unsigned int vert_size = 0;
-    for (const VertexAttribute& va : vert_attrs) {
-        vert_size += va.GLSLSize * GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType);
-    }
-    unsigned int curr_byte = 0;
-    for (VertexAttribute& va : vert_attrs) {
-        va.ptr.buffer = vert_id;
-        va.ptr.stride = vert_size;
-        va.ptr.offset = curr_byte;
-        va.ptr.divisor = 0;
-        curr_byte += va.GLSLSize * GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType);
-    }
-    return vert_attrs;
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList DrawBuffer::changeVertLayout(unsigned int i, VertexAttributePointer vap) {
-    GLuint vert_id = _vert_data->id();
-    vap.buffer = (vap.buffer) ? vap.buffer : vert_id;
-    VertexAttributeList vas = _VAO.getLayout();
-    unsigned int idx = 0;
-    for (const VertexAttribute& va : vas) {
-        if (va.ptr.buffer == vert_id) {
-            if (idx == i) {
-                return _VAO.changeLayout(i, vap);
-            }
-            idx++;
-        }
-    }
-    THROW_DRAW_ERROR("Could not find vertex attribute with index " + std::to_string(i));
-}
-
-unsigned int DrawBuffer::vertSize() const { return _VAO.vertSize(_vert_data->id()); }
-
-void DrawBuffer::draw() const {
-    _VAO.bind();
-    glDrawElements(_gl_primitive_type, _elmt_data->size() / GLSLTypeSize(GL_INT), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-unsigned int DrawBuffer::elementBufferID() const { return _elmt_data->id(); }
-
-unsigned int DrawBuffer::vertexBufferID() const { return _vert_data->id(); }
-
-RawVec DrawBuffer::vertAttrData(unsigned int i) {
-    if (!_vert_data->isInitialized()) {
-        throw DrawError("Vertex buffer is not initialized.");
-    }
-    return _VAO.attributeData(i);
-}
-
-RawVec DrawBuffer::vertAttrData(unsigned int i, const RawVec& newdata) {
-    if (!(_vert_data->isInitialized())) {
-        VertexAttribute va = _VAO.getLayout()[i];
-        vertexData(newdata.size() / (va.GLSLSize*GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType)));
-        std::cout << "From DrawBuffer::vertAttrData(int, RawVec) - vert buf size: " << _vert_data->size() << "\n";
-    }
-    return _VAO.attributeData(i, newdata);
-}
-
-void DrawBuffer::elementData(unsigned int num_prims) {
-    elementData(std::vector<unsigned int>(VerticesFromPrimitives(_gl_primitive_type, num_prims)));
-}
-
-void DrawBuffer::elementData(const std::vector<unsigned int>& elements) {
-    _num_prims = PrimitivesFromVertices(_gl_primitive_type, elements.size());
-    _elmt_data->data(vectorToRaw(elements));
-}
-
-void DrawBuffer::elementData(const std::vector<unsigned int>& elements, unsigned int offset) {
-    _VAO.bind();
-    if (!_elmt_data->isInitialized()) {
-        std::vector<unsigned int> init_elmts(elements);
-        init_elmts.insert(init_elmts.cbegin(), offset, 0);
-        elementData(init_elmts, 0);
-    } else {
-        _elmt_data->data(vectorToRaw(elements), offset);
-    }
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-void DrawBuffer::vertexData(unsigned int num_verts) {
-    vertexData(RawVec(num_verts * vertSize()));
-}
-
-void DrawBuffer::vertexData(const RawVec& vert_data) {
-    // Check for uninitialized Vertex Pointers. If so, will fallback to default VAO setup.
-    // Otherwise, set VAO to provided Vertex Atributes.
-    int vert_size = vertSize();
-    if (vert_data.size() % vert_size != 0) {
-        THROW_DRAW_ERROR("Initializing data does not match vertex size of " + std::to_string(vert_size) + ".");
-    }
-    _num_verts = vert_data.size() / vert_size;
-    // TODO: Make it not static draw all the time
-
-    _VAO.bind();
-    _vert_data->data(vert_data);
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-void DrawBuffer::vertexData(const RawVec& data, unsigned int offset) {
-    _VAO.bind();
-    if (!_vert_data->isInitialized()) {
-        RawVec load_data(offset);
-        load_data.insert(load_data.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
-        vertexData(load_data, 0);
-    } else {
-        try{
-            _vert_data->data(data, offset);
-        } catch(BufferError& e) {
-            THROW_DRAW_ERROR("NB::BufferError in loadVBO:\n\t" + std::string(e.what()));
-        }
-    }
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-// DrawInstanceBufferClass
-DrawInstanceBuffer::DrawInstanceBuffer(
-    VertexAttributeList vert_vas,
-    VertexAttributeList inst_vas,
-    GLenum prim_type
-): DrawBuffer(vert_vas, prim_type) {
-    _inst_data = std::make_shared<Buffer>(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER);
-    _VAO.addVBO(_inst_data);
-    try {
-        throw _VAO.checkValid(inst_vas);
-    } catch (VAOError vaoe) {
-        if (vaoe.error) {
-            _VAO.addVertexAttributes(defaultVAO(inst_vas));
-        } else {
-            _VAO.addVertexAttributes(inst_vas);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-unsigned int DrawInstanceBuffer::instSize() const { return _VAO.vertSize(_inst_data->id()); }
-
-unsigned int DrawInstanceBuffer::instanceBufferID() const { return _inst_data->id(); }
-
-void DrawInstanceBuffer::instanceData(unsigned int num_inst) {
-    instanceData(RawVec(instSize() * num_inst));
-}
-
-void DrawInstanceBuffer::instanceData(const RawVec& inst_data) {
-    int inst_size = instSize();
-    if (inst_data.size() % inst_size != 0) {
-        THROW_DRAW_ERROR("Initializing data does not match instance size of " + std::to_string(inst_size) + ".");
-    }
-    _num_inst = inst_data.size() / inst_size;
-    
-    _VAO.bind();
-    _inst_data->data(inst_data);
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-void DrawInstanceBuffer::instanceData(const RawVec& data, unsigned int offset) {
-    _VAO.bind();
-    if (!_inst_data->isInitialized()) {
-        RawVec load_data(offset);
-        load_data.insert(load_data.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
-        instanceData(load_data, 0);
-    } else {
-        try{
-            _inst_data->data(data, offset);
-        } catch(BufferError& e) {
-            THROW_DRAW_ERROR("NB::BufferError in loadIBO:\n\t" + std::string(e.what()));
-        }
-    }
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList DrawInstanceBuffer::defaultVAO(VertexAttributeList inst_attrs) {
-    GLuint inst_id = _inst_data->id();
-    unsigned int vert_size = 0;
-    for (const VertexAttribute& va : inst_attrs) {
-        vert_size += va.GLSLSize * GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType);
-    }
-    unsigned int curr_byte = 0;
-    for (VertexAttribute& va : inst_attrs) {
-        va.ptr.buffer = inst_id;
-        va.ptr.stride = vert_size;
-        va.ptr.offset = curr_byte;
-        va.ptr.divisor = 1;
-        curr_byte += va.GLSLSize * GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType);
-    }
-    return inst_attrs;
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList DrawInstanceBuffer::changeInstanceLayout(unsigned int i, VertexAttributePointer vap) {
-    GLuint inst_id = _inst_data->id();
-    vap.buffer = (vap.buffer) ? vap.buffer : inst_id;
-    VertexAttributeList vas = _VAO.getLayout();
-    unsigned int vas_size = vas.size();
-    unsigned int inst_idx = 0;
-    unsigned int idx = 0;
-    for (const VertexAttribute& va : vas) {
-        if (va.ptr.buffer == inst_id) {
-            if (inst_idx == i) {
-                return _VAO.changeLayout(idx, vap);
-            }
-            inst_idx++;
-        }
-        idx++;
-    }
-    THROW_DRAW_ERROR("Could not find instance attribute with index " + std::to_string(i));
-}
-
-void DrawInstanceBuffer::draw() const {
-    _VAO.bind();
-    glDrawElementsInstanced(_gl_primitive_type, _elmt_data->size() / GLSLTypeSize(GL_UNSIGNED_INT), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, (void*)_elmt_data->id(), _num_inst);
-    _VAO.unbind();
-}
-
-}

engine/NBGraphics/src/FrameBuffers.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/FrameBuffers.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+using FBOErrorCodes = FrameBufferError::Codes;
+const std::string FrameBufferError::type = "nb::FrameBufferError";
+const ErrorCodeMap FrameBufferError::ErrorMessages = {
+    {FBOErrorCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error"},
+    {FBOErrorCodes::INVALID_VALUE, "Invalid value"}
+};
+
+GLuint FrameBufferBase::declare() {
+    if (!_id) {
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glGenFramebuffers(1, &_id)
+        );
+    }
+    bind();
+    return _id;
+}
+
+void FrameBufferBase::remove() {
+    if (_id) {
+        unbind();
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &_id)
+        );
+        _id=0;
+    }
+}
+
+FrameBufferBase::FrameBufferBase(GLenum target) : Target(target) {}
+
+std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> FrameBufferBase::detach(GLenum attch_) {
+    bind();
+    auto ret = _attachments.at(attch_);
+    _attachments.erase(attch_);
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glFramebufferTexture(Target, attch_, 0, 0)
+    );
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void FrameBufferBase::attach(
+    GLenum attachment_,
+    std::shared_ptr<Texture> texture_,
+    unsigned int level_,
+    unsigned int layer_
+) {
+    declare();
+    if (attachment_ == GL_NONE) {
+        THROW(FrameBufferError(FrameBufferError::INVALID_VALUE,
+            "Cannot attach object to `GL_NONE`"
+        ));
+    }
+    OPENGL_CALL(glFramebufferTextureLayer(
+        Target,
+        attachment_,
+        texture_->id(),
+        level_,
+        layer_
+    ));
+    _attachments[attachment_] = texture_;
+}
+
+void FrameBufferBase::attach(
+    GLenum attachment_,
+    std::shared_ptr<Texture> texture_,
+    unsigned int level_
+) {
+    declare();
+    if (attachment_ == GL_NONE) {
+            THROW(FrameBufferError(FrameBufferError::INVALID_VALUE,
+                "Cannot attach object to `GL_NONE`"
+            ));
+    }
+    if (texTypeIs2D(texture_->Target)) {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glFramebufferTexture2D(
+            Target,
+            attachment_,
+            texture_->Target,
+            texture_->id(),
+            level_
+        ));
+    } else {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glFramebufferTexture1D(
+            Target,
+            attachment_,
+            texture_->Target,
+            texture_->id(),
+            level_
+        ));
+    }
+    _attachments[attachment_] = texture_;
+}
+
+void FrameBufferBase::attach(
+    GLenum attachment,
+    std::shared_ptr<RenderBuffer> renderbuffer
+) {
+    declare();
+    if (attachment == GL_NONE) {
+        THROW(FrameBufferError(FrameBufferError::INVALID_VALUE,
+            "Cannot attach RenderBuffer to `GL_NONE`"
+        ));
+    }
+    OPENGL_CALL(glFramebufferRenderbuffer(
+        Target,
+        attachment,
+        GL_RENDERBUFFER,
+        renderbuffer->id()
+    ));
+    _attachments[attachment] = renderbuffer;
+}
+
+void FrameBufferBase::bind() const {
+    if (_id) {
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glBindFramebuffer(Target, _id)
+        );
+    } else {
+        THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+            OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT,
+            "w/ FrameBuffer"
+        ));
+    }
+}
+
+void FrameBufferBase::unbind() const {
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glBindFramebuffer(Target, 0)
+    );
+}
+
+GLenum FrameBufferBase::status() const {
+    bind();
+    return OPENGL_CALL(
+        glCheckFramebufferStatus(Target)
+    );
+}
+
+bool FrameBufferBase::complete() const {
+    return status() == GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE;
+}
+
+FrameBufferBase::AttachmentMap FrameBufferBase::getAllBuffers() const {
+    return _attachments;
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> FrameBufferBase::getBuffer(GLenum attch_) const {
+    try {
+        return _attachments.at(attch_);
+    } catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
+        THROW(e);
+    }
+}
+
+// class ReadFrameBuffer
+
+ReadFrameBuffer::ReadFrameBuffer()
+: _location(GL_NONE), FrameBufferBase(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER) {}
+
+ReadFrameBuffer& ReadFrameBuffer::operator=(WriteFrameBuffer&& mv) {
+    if (mv.id()) {
+        _attachments = mv.getAllBuffers();
+        mv.setWriteBuffer(GL_NONE);
+        mv._attachments = {};
+        mv._locations = {};
+        FrameBufferBase::OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(mv));
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+ReadFrameBuffer& ReadFrameBuffer::operator=(ReadFrameBuffer&& mv) {
+    if (mv.id()) {
+        _attachments = mv._attachments;
+        _location = mv._location;
+        mv._attachments = {};
+        mv._location = GL_NONE;
+        FrameBufferBase::OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(mv));
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> ReadFrameBuffer::getReadBuffer() const {
+    if (_location == GL_NONE) { return nullptr; }
+    return getBuffer(_location);
+}
+
+GLenum ReadFrameBuffer::getReadLocation() const { return _location; }
+
+std::shared_ptr<RenderTarget> ReadFrameBuffer::setReadBuffer(GLenum attch_) {
+    bind();
+    if (attch_!=GL_NONE) {
+        try {
+            const auto& x = _attachments.at(attch_);
+        } catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
+            THROW(FrameBufferError(FrameBufferError::INVALID_VALUE,
+                "No buffer set at attachment"
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    _location = attch_;
+    OPENGL_CALL(glReadBuffer(_location));
+    return getReadBuffer();
+}
+
+// class WriteFrameBuffer
+
+WriteFrameBuffer::WriteFrameBuffer()
+: FrameBufferBase(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER) {}
+
+WriteFrameBuffer& WriteFrameBuffer::operator=(ReadFrameBuffer&& rhs) {
+    if (rhs.id()) {
+        _attachments = rhs._attachments;
+        rhs.setReadBuffer(GL_NONE);
+        rhs._attachments = {};
+        rhs._location = GL_NONE;
+        FrameBufferBase::OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+WriteFrameBuffer& WriteFrameBuffer::operator=(WriteFrameBuffer&& rhs) {
+    if (rhs.id()) {
+        _attachments = rhs._attachments;
+        _locations = rhs._locations;
+        rhs._attachments = {};
+        rhs._locations = {};
+        FrameBufferBase::OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+using fRGBA = RGBA<float>;
+
+std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Texture>> WriteFrameBuffer::getWriteBuffers() const {
+    const size_t count = _locations.size();
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Texture>> ret(count);
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
+        ret[i] = std::static_pointer_cast<Texture>(getBuffer(_locations[i]));
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+std::vector<GLenum> WriteFrameBuffer::getWriteLocations() const {
+    return _locations;
+}
+
+WriteFrameBuffer::DrawTexVec WriteFrameBuffer::setWriteBuffers(const std::vector<GLenum>& attchs_) {
+    bind();
+    for (GLenum loc : attchs_) {
+        if (getBuffer(loc)->Target == GL_RENDERBUFFER) {
+            THROW(FrameBufferError(FrameBufferError::INVALID_VALUE,
+                "Cannot write to renderbuffer [ @ Attachment = "+std::to_string(loc)+" ]"
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    _locations = attchs_;
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glDrawBuffers(_locations.size(), _locations.data())
+    );
+    return getWriteBuffers();
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<Texture> WriteFrameBuffer::setWriteBuffer(GLenum attch_) {
+    bind();
+    if (attch_ == GL_NONE) {
+        std::vector<GLenum> tmp(_locations.size(), GL_NONE);
+        OPENGL_CALL(
+            glDrawBuffers(tmp.size(), tmp.data())
+        );
+        _locations = {};
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    setWriteBuffers({attch_});
+    return std::static_pointer_cast<Texture>(getBuffer(attch_));
+}
+
+fRGBA WriteFrameBuffer::clearColorValue() const {
+    bind();
+    float rgba[4];
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glGetFloatv(GL_COLOR_CLEAR_VALUE, rgba)
+    );
+    return fRGBA{rgba[0], rgba[1], rgba[2], rgba[3]};
+}
+
+fRGBA WriteFrameBuffer::clearColorValue(const fRGBA& color) {
+    declare();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClearColor(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a)
+    );
+    return color;
+} 
+
+fRGBA WriteFrameBuffer::clearColorValue(float r, float g, float b, float a) {
+    return clearColorValue({r, g,b , a});
+}
+
+double WriteFrameBuffer::clearDepthValue() const {
+    bind();
+    double ret;
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glGetDoublev(GL_DEPTH_CLEAR_VALUE, &ret)
+    );
+    return ret;
+}
+
+double WriteFrameBuffer::clearDepthValue(double d_) {
+    declare();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClearDepth(d_)
+    );
+    return d_;
+}
+
+GLint WriteFrameBuffer::clearStencilValue() const {
+    bind();
+    GLint ret;
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glGetIntegerv(GL_STENCIL_CLEAR_VALUE, &ret)
+    );
+    return ret;
+}
+
+GLint WriteFrameBuffer::clearStencilValue(GLint s_) {
+    declare();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClearStencil(s_)
+    );
+    return s_;
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clear(GLbitfield mask_) const {
+    bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClear(mask_)
+    );
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clearDepth() const {
+    clear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clearDepth(float val_) const {
+    bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClearBufferfv(GL_DEPTH, 0, &val_)
+    );
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clearStencil() const {
+    clear(GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clearStencil(GLint val_) const {
+    bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClearBufferiv(GL_STENCIL, 0, &val_)
+    );
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clearDepthStencil() const {
+    clear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
+}
+
+void WriteFrameBuffer::clearDepthStencil(float d_, GLint s_) const {
+    bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glClearBufferfi(GL_DEPTH_STENCIL, 0, d_, s_)
+    );
+}
+
+FrameBuffer::FrameBuffer()
+: FrameBufferBase(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) {}
+
+FrameBuffer& FrameBuffer::operator=(FrameBuffer&& rhs) {
+    if (rhs.id()) {
+        _attachments = rhs._attachments;
+        _location = rhs._location;
+        _locations = rhs._locations;
+        rhs._attachments = {};
+        rhs._locations = {};
+        rhs._location = GL_NONE;
+        OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    }
+    return *this;
+}
+
+FrameBuffer& FrameBuffer::operator=(ReadFrameBuffer&& rhs) {
+    ReadFrameBuffer::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+FrameBuffer& FrameBuffer::operator=(WriteFrameBuffer&& rhs) {
+    WriteFrameBuffer::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBGraphics/src/Image.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/Image.hpp>
+
+using ImageErrorCodes = nb::ImageError::Codes;
+const std::string nb::ImageError::type = "nb::ImageError";
+const nb::ErrorCodeMap nb::ImageError::ErrorMessages = {
+    { ImageErrorCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error" },
+    {ImageErrorCodes::OUT_OF_BOUNDS, "Out of bounds"}
+};

engine/NBGraphics/src/Mesh.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wint-to-pointer-cast"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wint-to-pointer-cast"
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Mesh.hpp>
+
+namespace nb{
+
+// class Mesh
+Mesh::Mesh(
+    VertexDataPointerList vertexdata_,
+    unsigned int count_,
+    GLenum primitive_
+) : 
+    _primitive(primitive_),
+    _count(count_),
+    _vao(std::make_shared<VAO>(vertexdata_))
+{}
+
+Mesh::Mesh(
+    GLenum primitive_,
+    const std::shared_ptr<VAO>& vao_,
+    unsigned int count_
+) :
+    _primitive(primitive_),
+    _count(count_),
+    _vao(vao_)
+{}
+
+Mesh::Mesh(
+    GLenum primitive_,
+    const VertexData& vertex_data_,
+    unsigned int count_
+) : Mesh(primitive_, std::make_shared<VAO>(), count_) {
+    _vao->attributes({vertex_data_});
+}
+
+Mesh::Mesh(
+    GLenum primitive_,
+    const ByteVector& data_,
+    unsigned int count_,
+    const std::vector<VertexAttribute>& attributes_
+) : Mesh(
+    primitive_,
+    VertexData(data_, attributes_),  
+    count_
+) {}
+
+void Mesh::draw(unsigned int offset, unsigned int count) const {
+    _vao->bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glDrawArrays(_primitive, offset, count);
+    );
+}
+
+// class InstancedMesh
+
+void InstancedMesh::draw(unsigned int offset, unsigned instancecount) const {
+    _vao->bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glDrawArraysInstanced(_primitive, 0, _count, instancecount);
+    );
+}
+
+// class IndexMeshes
+
+void IndexedMesh::draw(unsigned int offset, unsigned numindices) const {
+    _vao->bind();
+    OPENGL_CALL(
+        glDrawElements(Mesh::_primitive, _count, _ebo->datatype(), (void*)offset)
+    );
+} 
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBGraphics/src/OGLObjects.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/OGLObjects.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Window.hpp>
+
+#ifndef GLENUMSTRPAIR
+    #define GLENUMSTRPAIR(x) {x, #x}
+#endif // GLENUMSTRPAIR
+
+namespace nb {
+
+const std::string OpenGLObjectError::type = "nb::OpenGLObjectError";
+const ErrorCodeMap OpenGLObjectError::ErrorMessages = {
+    { OpenGLObjectError::Codes::UNDEFINED, "Error" },
+    {OpenGLObjectError::Codes::HANGING_OBJECT, "Attempting to leave a hanging OpenGL object"},
+    {OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_OBJECT, "Attempting operation with invalid object"},
+    {OpenGLObjectError::Codes::INVALID_CONTEXT, "Object not valid with current OpengGL context"}
+};
+
+const std::string OpenGLError::type = "nb::OpenGLError";
+const ErrorCodeMap OpenGLError::ErrorMessages = {
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_NO_ERROR),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_INVALID_ENUM),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_INVALID_ENUM),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_INVALID_VALUE),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_INVALID_OPERATION),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_STACK_UNDERFLOW),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_STACK_OVERFLOW)
+};
+
+OpenGLError OpenGLError::status() {
+    return OpenGLError(glGetError());
+}
+
+OpenGLError OpenGLError::status(const std::string& note) {
+    return OpenGLError(glGetError(), note);
+}
+
+const ConstantMap<TypeCodes, int> TypeToGLSL = {
+    {TypeCodes::FLOAT16, GL_HALF_FLOAT},
+    {TypeCodes::FLOAT32, GL_FLOAT},
+    {TypeCodes::DOUBLE64, GL_DOUBLE},
+    {TypeCodes::INT8, GL_BYTE},
+    {TypeCodes::INT16, GL_SHORT},
+    {TypeCodes::INT32, GL_INT},
+    {TypeCodes::UINT8, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE},
+    {TypeCodes::UINT16, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT},
+    {TypeCodes::UINT32, GL_UNSIGNED_INT},
+};
+
+// class OpenGLObject
+
+void OpenGLObject::checkObjectContextValidity() {
+    if (_arena != OGLWindow::GetCurrentObjectArena()) {
+        THROW(OpenGLObjectError(OpenGLObjectError::INVALID_CONTEXT));
+    }
+}
+
+OpenGLObject::OpenGLObject(OpenGLObject&& rval) : _arena(rval._arena) {
+    checkObjectContextValidity();
+    *this = std::move(rval);
+}
+
+OpenGLObject::OpenGLObject() : _arena(OGLWindow::GetCurrentObjectArena()) {}
+
+OpenGLObject& OpenGLObject::operator=(OpenGLObject&& rhs) {
+    rhs.checkObjectContextValidity();
+    if (_id) { THROW(OpenGLObjectError(Codes::HANGING_OBJECT)); }
+    _id = rhs._id;
+    rhs._id = 0;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+const GLEnumTableType GLenumTable = {
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_ATTACHMENT),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_DRAW_BUFFER),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_LAYER_TARGETS),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MISSING_ATTACHMENT),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MULTISAMPLE),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_READ_BUFFER),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNDEFINED),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_RG),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_RG32F),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_RGB),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_RGB8UI),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_RGBA8UI),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_RGBA),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_UNSIGNED_INT),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT),
+    GLENUMSTRPAIR(GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE),
+};
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBGraphics/src/ProgramPipeline.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/ProgramPipeline.hpp>
+
+namespace nb{
+
+using ShaderErrCodes = ShaderError::Codes;
+const std::string ShaderError::type = "nb::ShaderError";
+const ErrorCodeMap ShaderError::ErrorMessages = {
+    {ShaderErrCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error"}
+};
+
+using ProgramErrCodes = ProgramError::Codes;
+const std::string ProgramError::type = "nb::ProgramError";
+const ErrorCodeMap ProgramError::ErrorMessages = {
+    {ProgramErrCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error"},
+    {ProgramErrCodes::LINKING_ERROR, "Linker error"}
+};
+
+// class Shader
+
+Shader::Shader(GLenum target_, const std::string& source_) 
+: Shader(target_, std::vector<std::string>({source_})) {}
+
+Shader::Shader(GLenum target_, const std::vector<std::string>& strings_) 
+: target(target_), _sources(strings_) {
+    declare();
+    compile();
+}
+
+Shader::Shader(Shader&& cpy) 
+: target(cpy.target), _success(cpy._success), _sources(cpy._sources) {
+    _id = cpy._id;
+
+    cpy._success = false;
+    cpy._sources = {};
+    cpy._id = 0;
+}
+
+Shader::operator bool() { return success(); }
+
+bool Shader::success() const {
+    return _success;
+}
+
+GLint Shader::status(GLenum parameter) const {
+    GLint param = 0;
+    OPENGL_CALL(glGetShaderiv(_id, parameter, &param));
+    return param;
+}
+
+std::string Shader::log() const {
+    GLint logsize = status(GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH);
+    char* log_ = new char[logsize];
+    OPENGL_CALL(glGetShaderInfoLog(_id, logsize, NULL, log_));
+    std::string ret(log_, logsize);
+    delete[] log_;
+    return ret; 
+}
+
+// class Program
+
+Program::Program(SharedVector<Shader> shaders_) {
+    declare();
+    for (auto shad_ptr : shaders_) {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glAttachShader(_id, shad_ptr->id()));
+    }
+    OPENGL_CALL(glLinkProgram(_id));
+    _success = status(GL_LINK_STATUS);
+    if (!_success) {
+        WARN(log(), 0x0FE);
+    }
+}
+
+Program::operator bool() { return _success; }
+
+GLint Program::status(GLenum parameter) const {
+    GLint param = 0;
+    OPENGL_CALL(glGetProgramiv(_id, parameter, &param));
+    return param;
+}
+
+std::string Program::log() const {
+    GLint logsize = status(GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH);
+    char* log_ = new char[logsize];
+    OPENGL_CALL(glGetProgramInfoLog(_id, logsize, NULL, log_));
+    std::string ret(log_, logsize);
+    delete[] log_;
+    return ret; 
+}
+
+void Program::setUniform(const std::string& blockname, std::shared_ptr<UniformBuffer> buffer) {
+    declare();
+    auto idx = OPENGL_CALL(glGetUniformBlockIndex(id(), blockname.data()));
+    if (idx == GL_INVALID_INDEX) {
+        THROW("something");
+    }
+    this->setUniformBinding(blockname, buffer->bufferIndex());
+    OPENGL_CALL(glUniformBlockBinding(
+        id(),
+        idx,
+        _uniformBindings[blockname]
+    ));
+}
+
+void Program::setUniformBinding(const std::string& blockname, GLuint index) {
+    _uniformBindings[blockname] = index;
+}
+
+GLuint Program::getUniformBinding(const std::string& blockname) const {
+    return _uniformBindings.at(blockname);
+}
+
+}

engine/NBGraphics/src/Textures.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/Textures.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+// class RenderTarget
+
+RenderTarget::RenderTarget(RenderTarget&& mv) : Target(mv.Target) {
+    *this = std::move(mv);
+}
+
+RenderTarget& RenderTarget::operator=(RenderTarget&& mv) {
+    if (mv.Target != Target) {
+        THROW(OpenGLObjectError(
+            OpenGLObjectError::INVALID_OBJECT,
+            "Cannot assign RenderTarget of different types."
+        ));
+    }
+    Base::operator=(std::move(mv));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+// class Texture
+Texture::Texture(GLenum target_) : Base(target_) {}
+
+Texture::Texture(Texture&& mv) : Base(mv.Target) {
+    *this = std::move(mv);
+}
+
+Texture& Texture::operator=(Texture&& mv) {
+    Base::operator=(std::move(mv));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBGraphics/src/VAOManager.cpp

@@ -1,225 +0,0 @@
-#include "VAOManager.hpp"
-
-namespace NB {
-
-using BufferManagerPointer = std::shared_ptr<Buffer>;
-
-VAOManager::VAOManager() { glGenVertexArrays(1, &_id); }
-
-VAOManager::VAOManager(
-        std::vector<BufferManagerPointer> vert_bufs,
-        BufferManagerPointer elmt_buf,
-        const VertexAttributeList& vert_attrs
-) : VAOManager() {
-    _elmt_buffer = elmt_buf;
-    for (BufferManagerPointer vb : vert_bufs) {
-        _vert_buffers[vb->id()] = vb;
-    }
-    if (vert_attrs.size()!=0) {
-        generate(vert_attrs);
-    }
-}
-
-VAOManager::VAOManager(VAOManager&& rhs) { *this = std::move(rhs); }
-
-VAOManager& VAOManager::operator=(VAOManager&& rhs) {
-    remove();
-    _vert_buffers = rhs._vert_buffers;
-    _elmt_buffer = rhs._elmt_buffer;
-    _vert_attrs = rhs._vert_attrs;
-    return *this;
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList VAOManager::getLayout() const { return _vert_attrs; }
-
-GLuint VAOManager::id() const { return _id; }
-
-bool VAOManager::isInitialized() const {
-    return _id && glIsVertexArray(_id);
-}
-
-void VAOManager::remove() const {
-    bind();
-    for (int i{0}; i < _vert_attrs.size(); ++i) {
-        glDisableVertexAttribArray(i);
-    }
-    unbind();
-    glDisableVertexAttribArray(_id);
-}
-
-unsigned int VAOManager::vertSize(GLuint id) const {
-    unsigned int size = 0; 
-    for (const VertexAttribute& va : _vert_attrs) {
-        if (va.ptr.buffer == id) {
-            size += va.GLSLSize * GLSLTypeSize(va.GLSLType);
-        }
-    }
-    return size;
-}
-
-std::vector<BufferManagerPointer> VAOManager::getVertexBuffers() const {
-    std::vector<BufferManagerPointer> ret;
-    for (const auto& i : _vert_buffers) {
-        ret.emplace_back(i.second);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-RawVec VAOManager::attributeData(unsigned int i) {
-    if (i <= _vert_attrs.size()) {
-        throw std::out_of_range("No vertex attribute exists for specified index");
-    }
-    VertexAttribute attr = _vert_attrs[i];
-    BufferManagerPointer buffer = _vert_buffers[attr.ptr.buffer]; 
-    RawVec data = buffer->data();
-    unsigned int attr_size = attr.GLSLSize*GLSLTypeSize(attr.GLSLType);
-    RawVec ret((buffer->size()-attr.ptr.offset-attr_size)*attr_size/attr.ptr.stride);
-    int data_size = data.size();
-    for (int i{0}; i < data_size; ++i) {
-        if (isIndexInVertexAttribute(i, attr)) {
-            ret[i] = data[i];
-        }
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-RawVec VAOManager::attributeData(unsigned int i, const RawVec& new_data) {
-    if (i >= _vert_attrs.size()) {
-        throw std::out_of_range("No vertex attribute exists for specified index.");
-    }
-    VertexAttribute attr = _vert_attrs[i];
-    BufferManagerPointer buffer = _vert_buffers[attr.ptr.buffer]; 
-    unsigned int attr_size = attr.GLSLSize*GLSLTypeSize(attr.GLSLType);
-    unsigned int offset = attr.ptr.offset;
-    unsigned int num_verts = buffer->size() / vertSize(buffer->id());
-    if (num_verts*attr_size != new_data.size()) {
-        // WHY HERE????
-        THROW_VAO_ERROR(
-            "Input data size of " + std::to_string(new_data.size()) 
-            + " does not match data size for requested vertex attribute of total size " + std::to_string(num_verts*attr_size)
-            + "."
-        );
-    }
-    uint64_t pos = uint64_t(new_data.data());
-    for (int i{0}; i<num_verts; i++) {
-        buffer->data((void*)(pos+i*attr_size), offset+i*attr.ptr.stride, attr_size);
-    }
-    return RawVec(new_data);
-}
-
-void VAOManager::bind() const {
-    glBindVertexArray(_id); 
-    if (_elmt_buffer) { _elmt_buffer->bind(); }
-}
-
-void VAOManager::unbind() const {
-    glBindVertexArray(0);
-    if (_elmt_buffer) { _elmt_buffer->unbind(); }
-}
-
-void VAOManager::addVBO(BufferManagerPointer vert_buf) {
-    GLuint vert_id = vert_buf->id();
-    if (_vert_buffers.find(vert_id) == _vert_buffers.end()) {
-        _vert_buffers[vert_buf->id()] = vert_buf;
-    } else {
-        THROW_VAO_ERROR("Attempting to add identical VBO id of " + std::to_string(vert_id) + ".");
-    }
-}
-
-void VAOManager::changeEBO(BufferManagerPointer ebo) {
-    _elmt_buffer = ebo;
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList VAOManager::addVertexAttributes(const VertexAttributeList& vert_attrs) { 
-    VertexAttributeList curr_vas = _vert_attrs;
-    curr_vas.insert(curr_vas.end(), vert_attrs.begin(), vert_attrs.end());
-    try {
-        throw checkValid(curr_vas);
-    } catch (VAOError vaoe) {
-        if (vaoe.error) {
-            THROW_VAO_ERROR(vaoe.what());
-        }
-    }
-    _vert_attrs = curr_vas;
-    generate();
-    return _vert_attrs;
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList VAOManager::addVertexAttributes(VertexAttribute vert_attr) {
-    return addVertexAttributes({vert_attr});
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList VAOManager::generate() {
-    bind();
-    unsigned int num_attrs = _vert_attrs.size();
-    VertexAttribute* va;
-    for (int i = 0; i < num_attrs; ++i) {
-        va = &(_vert_attrs[i]);
-        _vert_buffers[va->ptr.buffer]->bind();
-        glVertexAttribPointer(
-            i,
-            va->GLSLSize,
-            va->GLSLType,
-            va->GLSLNormalization,
-            va->ptr.stride,
-            (void*)va->ptr.offset
-        );
-        glVertexAttribDivisor(i, va->ptr.divisor);
-        glEnableVertexAttribArray(i);
-    }
-    if (_elmt_buffer != nullptr) {
-        _elmt_buffer->bind();
-    }
-    unbind();
-    return _vert_attrs;
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList VAOManager::generate(VertexAttributeList vert_attrs) {
-    try {
-        throw checkValid(vert_attrs);
-    } catch (VAOError vaoe) {
-        if (vaoe.error) {
-            THROW_VAO_ERROR(vaoe.what());
-        }
-    }
-    _vert_attrs.swap(vert_attrs);
-    return generate();
-}
-
-VertexAttributeList VAOManager::changeLayout(unsigned int i, VertexAttributePointer vap) {
-    _vert_attrs[i].ptr = vap;
-    bind();
-    const VertexAttribute* va = &(_vert_attrs[i]);
-    glDisableVertexAttribArray(i);
-    _vert_buffers[va->ptr.buffer]->bind();
-    glVertexAttribPointer(
-        _id,
-        va->GLSLSize,
-        va->GLSLType,
-        va->GLSLNormalization,
-        va->ptr.stride,
-        (void*)va->ptr.offset
-    );
-    glVertexAttribDivisor(i, va->ptr.divisor);
-    glEnableVertexAttribArray(i);
-    unbind();
-    return _vert_attrs;
-}
-
-VAOError VAOManager::checkValid(const VertexAttributeList& vert_attrs) {
-    GLuint va_id;
-    unsigned int num_attrs = vert_attrs.size();
-    for (int i = 0; i < num_attrs; ++i) {
-        va_id = vert_attrs[i].ptr.buffer;
-        if (_vert_buffers.find(va_id) == _vert_buffers.cend()) {
-            return VAOError("Attempting to point to unknown VBO of id " + std::to_string(va_id) + 
-            " at Vertex Attribute " + std::to_string(i) + ".");
-        }
-        if (vert_attrs[i].ptr.stride<0) {
-            return VAOError("Invalid stride value at Vertex Attribute " + std::to_string(i) + ".");
-        }
-    }
-    return VAOError(false);
-}
-
-} // namespace NB

engine/NBGraphics/src/VertexArray.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wint-to-pointer-cast"
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wint-to-pointer-cast"
+
+#include <NBGraphics/VertexArray.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+using VAOErrorCodes = VAOError::Codes;
+const std::string VAOError::type = "nb::VAOError";
+const ErrorCodeMap VAOError::ErrorMessages = {
+    { VAOErrorCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error" },
+    { VAOErrorCodes::INVALID_ATTRIBUTE, "Targeting invalid attribute"}
+};
+
+using VertexCodes = VertexError::Codes;
+const std::string  VertexError::type = "nb::VertexError";
+const ErrorCodeMap VertexError::ErrorMessages = {
+    { VertexError::UNDEFINED, "Error" },
+    { VertexError::MISALIGNED_DATA, "Data does not match vertex layout"}
+};
+
+VAO::VAO(const VertexDataPointerList& attr_ptrs) {
+    attributes(attr_ptrs);
+}
+
+VAO::VAO(VAO&& other) {
+    *this = std::move(other);
+}
+
+VAO& VAO::operator=(VAO&& rhs) {
+    OpenGLObject::operator=(std::move(rhs));
+    _vertexdata = rhs._vertexdata;
+    rhs._vertexdata = {};
+    return *this;
+}
+
+VertexDataPointerList VAO::attributes() const {
+    return _vertexdata;
+}
+
+VertexDataPointerList VAO::attributes(const VertexDataPointerList& vertdatalist) {
+    declare();
+    disable();
+    _vertexdata = vertdatalist;
+    bind();
+    for (const auto vdata : _vertexdata) {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vdata.vertexdata->data->id()));
+        for (const auto attr : vdata.vertexdata->attributes) {
+            GLuint idx = vdata.index; 
+            OPENGL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(
+                idx,
+                attr.size,
+                TypeToGLSL[attr.type],
+                attr.normalized,
+                attr.layout.stride,
+                (const void*) attr.layout.offset
+            ));
+            OPENGL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(idx));
+            if (attr.layout.divisor) {
+                OPENGL_CALL(glVertexAttribDivisor(idx, attr.layout.divisor));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unbind();
+    enable();
+    return _vertexdata;
+}
+
+VertexDataPointerList VAO::attributes(const VertexDataList& vertdatalist) {
+    VertexDataPointerList vdatas;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vertdatalist.size(); ++i) {
+        vdatas.emplace_back(VertexDataPointer{
+            std::make_shared<VertexData>(vertdatalist[i]),
+            i
+        });
+    }
+    return attributes(vdatas);
+}
+
+VertexDataPointer VAO::attribute(GLuint idx) const {
+    for (auto vdata : _vertexdata) {
+        if (idx == vdata.index) {
+            return vdata;
+        }
+    }
+    THROW(VAOError(Codes::INVALID_ATTRIBUTE));
+}
+
+void VAO::enable() const {
+    if (_id) {
+        bind();
+        for(auto vdata : _vertexdata) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(vdata.index));
+        }
+        unbind();
+    }
+}
+
+void VAO::enable(GLuint idx) const {
+    if(_id) {
+        bind();
+        OPENGL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(attribute(idx).index)); 
+        unbind();
+    }
+}
+
+void VAO::disable() const {
+    if(_id) {
+        bind();
+        for(auto vdata : _vertexdata) {
+            OPENGL_CALL(glDisableVertexAttribArray(vdata.index)); 
+        }
+        unbind();
+    }
+}
+
+void VAO::disable(GLuint idx) const {
+    if(_id) {
+        bind();
+        OPENGL_CALL(glDisableVertexAttribArray(attribute(idx).index)); 
+        unbind();
+    }
+}
+
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBGraphics/src/VertexData.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/VertexData.hpp>
+
+namespace nb {
+
+VertexData::VertexData(
+    std::shared_ptr<Buffer> data_,
+    const std::vector<VertexAttribute>& attrs_
+) : data(data_), attributes(attrs_) {}
+
+VertexData::VertexData(
+    const ByteVector& data_,
+    const std::vector<VertexAttribute>& attrs_
+) : data(std::make_shared<Buffer>(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, data_)), 
+    attributes(attrs_) {}
+
+} // namespace nb

engine/NBGraphics/src/Window.cpp

@@ -1,171 +1,213 @@
-#include "Window.hpp"
+#include <NBGraphics/Window.hpp>
 
 namespace nb {
 
-std::map<GLFWwindow*, Window*> Window::WindowContexts = {};
-std::map<int, int> Window::GLFWHints = {};
-bool Window::StrictInitialization = true;
-bool Window::_glfw_init = false;
-Window* Window::_current = nullptr;
-static std::map<int, int> defailt_window_hints = {
-    {GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3},
-    {GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 1},
-    {GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE}
-#ifdef _NB_GL_DEBUG_ON
-,   {GLFW_OPENGL_DEBUG_CONTEXT, GL_TRUE}
-#endif
+using GLFWCodes = GLFWError::Codes;
+const std::string GLFWError::type = "nb::GLFWError";
+const ErrorCodeMap GLFWError::ErrorMessages = {
+    {GLFWCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error"},
+    {GLFWCodes::INIT_FAILED, "GLFW initialization failed"},
+    {GLFWCodes::GLFW_INTIALIZED, "GLFW has already been initialized"},
+    {GLFWCodes::GLAD_FAILED, "GLAD initialization failed"},
+    {GLFWCodes::NOT_MAIN, "Action can only be done on main thread"},
+    {GLFWCodes::WINDOW_FAILED, "Failed to initialize window"}
 };
 
-GLError::GLError(const std::string& msg) : std::runtime_error(msg) {}
+// class OGLWindow
 
-WindowError::WindowError(const std::string &msg) : std::runtime_error(msg) {}
+std::atomic<bool> OGLWindow::_glfwInitialized = false;
+thread_local GLFWwindow* OGLWindow::_currWindow = nullptr;
+thread_local const GLFWwindow* OGLWindow::_currArena = nullptr;
+std::atomic<unsigned int> OGLWindow::_count = 0;
 
-int Window::getGLFWHint(int hint_key) {
-    if (GLFWHints.find(hint_key) == GLFWHints.end()) {
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        return GLFWHints.at(hint_key);
+bool OGLWindow::InitGLFW(const std::vector<GLFWHint>& hints) {
+    if (nb::MainTID != GetTID()) {
+        THROW(GLFWError(GLFWError::NOT_MAIN));
     }
-}
-
-int Window::setGLFWHint(int hint_key, int hint_val) {
-    if (Window::_glfw_init) {
-        throw GLError("Cannot set GLFW hint after window is initialized.");
-    } else {
-        GLFWHints[hint_key] = hint_val;
+    if (!IsGLFWInitialized()) {
+        for (const auto& hint : hints) {
+            glfwInitHint(hint[0], hint[1]);
         }
-    return GLFWHints[hint_key];
+        if (glfwInit()) {
+            OGLWindow::_glfwInitialized.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+        } else {
+            THROW(GLFWError(GLFWError::INIT_FAILED));
+        }
+    }
+    return IsGLFWInitialized();
 }
 
-Window* Window::getCurrent() {
-    return _current;
-}
-
-bool Window::checkKillGLFW() {
-    if(Window::WindowContexts.size() == 0 && _glfw_init) {
+bool OGLWindow::TerminateGLFW() {
+    if (nb::MainTID != GetTID()) {
+        THROW(GLFWError(GLFWError::NOT_MAIN));
+    }
+    if (IsGLFWInitialized()) {
         glfwTerminate();
-        Window::_glfw_init = false;
-        return true;
+        OGLWindow::_glfwInitialized.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
     }
-    return false;
+    return !IsGLFWInitialized();
 }
 
-Window::Window(const uint16_t x, const uint16_t y, const char* initName, GLFWmonitor* initMonitor, GLFWwindow* initWindow) {
-    if (!Window::_glfw_init) {
-        for (const auto& hint : Window::GLFWHints) {
-            glfwInitHint(hint.first, hint.second);
-        }
-        int glfwResponse = glfwInit();
-        if (glfwResponse) {
-            Window::_glfw_init = true;
+void OGLWindow::SetHintInteger(const std::array<int, 2>& hint) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    glfwWindowHint(hint[0], hint[1]);
+}
+
+void OGLWindow::SetHintString(const std::tuple<int, std::string>& hint) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    glfwWindowHintString(std::get<0>(hint), std::get<1>(hint).c_str());
+}
+
+GLFWwindow* OGLWindow::MakeCurrent(const std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow>& window) {
+    auto tmp = _currWindow;
+    _currWindow = window->getWindowPtr();
+    if (window) {
+        glfwMakeContextCurrent(_currWindow);
+        _currArena = window->_arena;
     } else {
-            if (Window::StrictInitialization) {
-                throw GLError("Failed to load GLFW with glfwInit()="+std::to_string(glfwResponse)+".");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    windowSize = {x, y};
-    _aspect_ratio = float(x)/float(y);
-    windowName = std::string(initName);
-    monitor = initMonitor;
-    shareWindow = initWindow;
-
-    for (const auto& hint: defailt_window_hints) {
-        windowHints[hint.first] = hint.second;
+        glfwMakeContextCurrent(nullptr);
+        _currArena = nullptr;
     }
+    return tmp;
 }
 
-Window::Window(const std::array<uint16_t, 2> initSize, const char* initName, GLFWmonitor* initMonitor, GLFWwindow* initWindow) :
-    Window(initSize[0], initSize[1], initName, initMonitor, initWindow){}
-
-Window::~Window() {
-    glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
-    glfwDestroyWindow(window);
-    Window::WindowContexts.erase(window);
-    if (Window::WindowContexts.size()==0) {
-        glfwTerminate();
-    }
+std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow> OGLWindow::CreateWindow(
+    unsigned int x,
+    unsigned int y,
+    const std::string& title,
+    const std::vector<std::array<int, 2>>& integerHints,
+    const std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string>>& stringHints
+) {
+    return std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow>( new OGLWindow(
+        x,
+        y,
+        title,
+        integerHints,
+        stringHints
+    ) );
 }
 
-void Window::setCurrent() {
-    _current = this;
-    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
+std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow> OGLWindow::CreateSharedWindow(
+    unsigned int x,
+    unsigned int y,
+    const std::string& title,
+    std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow> sharingWindow,
+    const std::vector<std::array<int, 2>>& integerHints,
+    const std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string>>& stringHints
+) {
+    return std::shared_ptr<OGLWindow>( new OGLWindow(
+        x,
+        y,
+        title,
+        integerHints,
+        stringHints,
+        sharingWindow->getWindowPtr()
+    ) );
 }
 
-int Window::getWindowHint(int hint_key) const {
-    if (windowHints.find(hint_key) == windowHints.end()) {
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        return windowHints.at(hint_key);
+OGLWindow::OGLWindow(
+    unsigned int x,
+    unsigned int y,
+    const std::string& title,
+    const std::vector<std::array<int, 2>>& integerHints,
+    const std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string>>& stringHints,
+    GLFWwindow* sharingContext
+) : _title(title) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    InitGLFW();
+    for (const auto& hint : integerHints) {
+        SetHintInteger(hint);
     }
-}
-
-int Window::setWindowHint(int hint_key, int hint_val) {
-    if (_init) {
-        throw WindowError("Cannot set window hint after window is initialized.");
-    } else {
-        windowHints[hint_key] = hint_val;
+    for (const auto& hint : stringHints) {
+        SetHintString(hint);
     }
-    return windowHints[hint_key];
-} 
-
-int Window::init() {
-    if (!_glfw_init) {
-        throw GLError("GLFW has not been initialized.");
-    }
-    for (const auto& hint : windowHints) {
-        glfwWindowHint(hint.first, hint.second);
-    }
-
-    window = glfwCreateWindow(windowSize[0], windowSize[1], windowName.c_str(), monitor, shareWindow);
-    if (window == NULL) {
-        Window::WindowContexts.erase(window);
-        if (Window::WindowContexts.size()==0 && Window::_glfw_init) { glfwTerminate(); }
-        if (Window::StrictInitialization) {
-            throw WindowError("Could not create window in glfwCreateWindow().");
-        }
-    }
-    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
-    Window::WindowContexts[window] = this;
-
-    gladResponse = gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress);
-    if (!gladResponse) {
-        Window::checkKillGLFW();
-        if (Window::StrictInitialization) {
-            throw GLError("Failed to load GLAD with \
-                gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress)="+\
-                std::to_string(gladResponse)+"."
+    _window_ptr = glfwCreateWindow(
+        x,
+        y,
+        _title.c_str(), 
+        NULL,
+        sharingContext
     );
+    if (_window_ptr == NULL) {
+        THROW(GLFWError(GLFWError::Codes::WINDOW_FAILED));
+    }
+    _arena = _window_ptr;
+    auto tmp = makeCurrent();
+    if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress)) {
+        THROW(GLFWError(GLFWError::Codes::GLAD_FAILED));
+    }
+    glfwMakeContextCurrent(tmp);
+    OGLWindow::_count.fetch_add(1);
+}
+
+OGLWindow::~OGLWindow() {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    if (_window_ptr) {
+        if (_window_ptr == _currWindow) {
+            _currWindow = nullptr;
+            _currArena = nullptr;
+        }
+        glfwDestroyWindow(_window_ptr);
+        _count.fetch_add(-1);
+        if (!_count.load()) {
+            TerminateGLFW();
         }
     }
-
-    _init = true;
-    glViewport(0, 0, windowSize[0], windowSize[1]);
-    return gladResponse;
 }
 
-GLFWwindow* Window::getWindow() const {
-    return window;
+void OGLWindow::detachWindow() {
+    _title = "";
+    _window_ptr = nullptr;
+    _arena = nullptr;
 }
 
-float Window::getAspectRatio() const { return _aspect_ratio; }
-
-std::array<uint16_t, 2> Window::getSize() const {
-    return windowSize;
+int OGLWindow::getWindowAttribute(int attr) const {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    return glfwGetWindowAttrib(_window_ptr, attr);
 }
 
-std::string Window::getName() const {
-    return windowName;
+std::array<int, 2> OGLWindow::getSize() const {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    int x, y;
+    glfwGetWindowSize(_window_ptr, &x, &y);
+    return {x, y};
 }
 
-void Window::resize(const std::array<uint16_t, 2> newSize) {
-    windowSize = newSize;
-    _aspect_ratio = float(newSize[0]) / float(newSize[1]);
-    glViewport(0, 0, windowSize[0], windowSize[1]);
-    glfwSetWindowSize(window, windowSize[0], windowSize[1]);
+bool OGLWindow::shouldClose() const {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    return glfwWindowShouldClose(_window_ptr);
 }
 
-void Window::resize(const uint16_t x, const uint16_t y) { resize({x, y}); }
+void OGLWindow::shouldClose(bool val) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    glfwSetWindowShouldClose(_window_ptr, val);
+}
+
+GLFWwindow* OGLWindow::makeCurrent() const {
+    auto tmp = glfwGetCurrentContext();
+    glfwMakeContextCurrent(_window_ptr);
+    return tmp;
+}
+
+void OGLWindow::setSize(unsigned int x, unsigned int y) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    glfwSetWindowSize(_window_ptr, x, y);
+}
+
+void OGLWindow::setTitle(const std::string& name) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    _title = name;
+    glfwSetWindowTitle(_window_ptr, _title.c_str());
+}
+
+/* template<> void OGLWindow::setCallBack<OGLWindow::KEY>( CallbackFunc<int,int,int,int> func) {
+    CheckForMainThread();
+    auto tmp = makeCurrent();
+    auto tmp_func = 
+        [=](GLFWwindow* window, int a, int b, int c, int d){
+            func(this, a, b, c, d);
+        };
+    glfwSetKeyCallback(_window_ptr, tmp_func);
+} */
 
 };

engine/NBGraphics/src/shader.cpp

@@ -1,742 +0,0 @@
-#include "Shader.h"
-
-// #define _PREPROC_FUNC_PARAM_NAMES_ (const ShaderPreprocessor& proc, ShaderUnit& shad, unsigned int linenum, const std::string& line, std::vector<uint8_t>& params)
-
-namespace NB{
-
-File::FilePath get_file_path(std::string name) {
-    const std::vector<char> allowed_special_chars = {
-        '.', '!', '#', '$', '%', '&', '\'', '(', ')', '+', ',', '-', ';', '=', '@', '[', ']', '^', '_', '`', '~' 
-    };
-    std::vector<std::string> path = {""};
-    for (const char c : name) {
-        if (c == '/' || c == '\\') {
-            path.push_back("");
-        } else if (std::isalnum(c)) {
-            path.back() += c;
-        } else {
-            bool spec_char_found = false;
-            for (const char sc : allowed_special_chars) {
-                if (c == sc) {
-                    path.back() += c;
-                    spec_char_found = true;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            if (!spec_char_found) {
-                throw std::runtime_error("'" + name + "' is not valid filepath.");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    File::FilePath ret;
-    for (const auto& tk : path) {
-        if (tk == path.back()) {
-            size_t period = tk.find(".");
-            if (period == std::string::npos) {
-                ret.basename = tk;
-                ret.ext = "";
-            } else {
-                ret.basename = tk.substr(0, period);
-                ret.ext = tk.substr(period);
-            }
-        } else {
-            ret.dir += tk + "/";
-        }
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-// ShaderPreprocessorError class
-ShaderPreprocessorError::ShaderPreprocessorError(
-    const std::string& msg,
-    const std::string& file,
-    int line
-) : code(Codes::UNDEFINED), std::runtime_error(formatDebugString(msg, file, line)) {}
-
-ShaderPreprocessorError::ShaderPreprocessorError(
-    Codes err_code,
-    const std::string& arg,
-    const std::string& file,
-    int line
-) : code(err_code), std::runtime_error(formatDebugString(errorCodeParser(err_code, arg), file, line)) {}
-
-std::string ShaderPreprocessorError::errorCodeParser(Codes err_code, const std::string& arg) {
-    switch(err_code) {
-        case Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND:
-            return "File '" + arg + "' not found.";
-        case Codes::BUILTIN_NOT_FOUND:
-            return "Built-in '" + arg + "' not found.";
-        case Codes::CUSTOM:
-        case Codes::UNDEFINED:
-            return arg;
-        case Codes::NONE:
-        default:
-            return "";
-    }
-}
-
-// ShaderError class
-ShaderError::ShaderError(
-    const std::string& msg,
-    const char* shad,
-    const std::string& file,
-    int line
-) : std::runtime_error(formatString(msg, shad, file, line)) {}
-
-std::string ShaderError::formatString(
-    const std::string& msg,
-    const char* shad,
-    const std::string& file,
-    int line
-) {
-    std::stringstream ret;
-    if (file != "") {
-        ret << "In file " << file;
-        if (line >= 0) {
-            ret << " at line " << line;
-        }
-        ret << ":\n\t";
-    }
-    ret << msg;
-    if (shad != nullptr) {
-        ret << " with shader error: " << shad;
-    }
-    return ret.str();
-}
-
-// ShaderPreprocessor class
-std::string ShaderPreprocessor::TokenName(const ShaderPreprocessor::TokenType& x) {
-    switch(x) {
-        case TK:
-            return "Token";
-            break;
-        case DR:
-            return "Directive";
-            break;
-        case WS:
-            return "Whitespace";
-            break;
-        case NL:
-            return "NewLine";
-            break;
-        case LC:
-            return "LineComment";
-            break;
-        case BC:
-            return "BlockComment";
-            break;
-        default:
-            return "Unrecognized";
-            break;
-    }
-}
-
-ShaderPreprocessor::ShaderPreprocessor() {}
-
-File ShaderPreprocessor::loadFromBase(const std::string path, const std::string base) const {
-    File ret;
-    std::ifstream filestream;
-    filestream.open(base + path);
-    if (filestream.is_open()) {
-        ret.path = get_file_path(base + path);
-        ret.src << filestream.rdbuf();
-        return ret;
-    }
-    filestream.close();
-    std::string ext;
-    for (const auto& kv : AcceptedExtensions) {
-        ext = kv.first;
-        filestream.open(base + path + ext);
-        if (filestream.is_open()) {
-            ret.path = get_file_path(base + path + ext);
-            ret.src << filestream.rdbuf();
-            return ret;
-        }
-        filestream.close();
-    }
-    throw ShaderPreprocessorError(Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND, base + path);
-}
-
-File ShaderPreprocessor::loadFromDirectories(const std::string name) const {
-    File ret;
-    std::ifstream fstream;
-    for (const std::string& path : Directories) {
-        fstream.open(path + name);
-        if (fstream.is_open()) {
-            ret.path = get_file_path(path + name);
-            ret.src << fstream.rdbuf();
-            return ret;
-        }
-        fstream.close();
-    }
-    throw ShaderPreprocessorError(Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND, name);
-}
-
-File ShaderPreprocessor::load(const std::string path, bool builtin_first) const {
-    if(builtin_first) {
-        return load_BuiltInFirst(path);
-    }
-    return load_FilesFirst(path);
-}
-
-File ShaderPreprocessor::loadFromBuiltIn(const std::string name) const {
-    File ret;
-    //std::stringstream ret;
-    decltype(BuiltIns)::const_iterator builtin_it = BuiltIns.find(name);
-    if (builtin_it != BuiltIns.end()) {
-        ret.path = File::FilePath{"builtin:", name, ""};
-        ret.src << builtin_it->second;
-        return ret;
-    }
-    throw ShaderPreprocessorError(Codes::BUILTIN_NOT_FOUND, name);
-}
-
-File ShaderPreprocessor::load_FilesFirst(const std::string path) const {
-    try {
-        return loadFromBase(path);
-    } catch (ShaderPreprocessorError e) {
-        if (e.code == Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
-            try {
-                return loadFromDirectories(path);
-            } catch (ShaderPreprocessorError f) {
-                if (f.code == Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
-                    try {
-                        return loadFromBuiltIn(path);
-                    } catch(ShaderPreprocessorError g) {
-                        if (g.code == Codes::BUILTIN_NOT_FOUND) {
-                            throw ShaderPreprocessorError(Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND, path);
-                        } else { throw g; }
-                    }
-                } else { throw f; }
-            }
-        } else { throw e; }
-    }
-}
-
-File ShaderPreprocessor::load_BuiltInFirst(const std::string path) const {
-    try {
-        return loadFromBuiltIn(path);
-    } catch (ShaderPreprocessorError f) {
-        if (f.code == Codes::BUILTIN_NOT_FOUND) {
-            try {
-                return loadFromDirectories(path);
-            } catch (ShaderPreprocessorError e) {
-                if (e.code == Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
-                    return loadFromBase(path);
-                } else {
-                    throw e;
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            throw f;
-        }
-    }
-    
-}
-
-std::vector<ShaderPreprocessor::Token> ShaderPreprocessor::tokenize(const std::string& code) const {
-    enum State {
-        FSlash,
-        WhiteSpace,
-        LineComment,
-        BlockComment,
-        BlockCommentEndStar,
-        Directive,
-        Token
-    };
-    
-    std::vector<ShaderPreprocessor::Token> tks;
-    
-    std::string token = "";
-    State state = WhiteSpace;
-    for(char c : code) {
-        if (c==13) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        switch(state) {
-            case WhiteSpace:
-                if (c=='/') {
-                    if (token != "") { tks.push_back({WS, token}); }
-                    token = c;
-                    state = FSlash;
-                } else if (c=='#') {
-                    if (token != "") { tks.push_back({WS, token}); }
-                    token = c;
-                    state = Directive;
-                } else if (c=='\n') {
-                    if (token != "") { tks.push_back({WS, token}); }
-                    tks.push_back({NL, "\n"});
-                    token = "";
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else if (std::isblank(c)) {
-                    token += c;
-                } else {
-                    if (token != "") { tks.push_back({WS, token}); }
-                    token = c;
-                    state = Token;
-                }
-                break;
-            case FSlash:
-                if (c=='/') {
-                    token += c;
-                    state = LineComment;
-                } else if (c=='*') {
-                    token += c;
-                    state = BlockComment;
-                } else if (c=='\n') {
-                    tks.push_back({TK, token});
-                    tks.push_back({NL, "\n"});
-                    token = "";
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else if (std::isblank(c)) {
-                    tks.push_back({TK, token});
-                    token = c;
-                }else {
-                    token += c;
-                    state = Token;
-                }
-                break;
-            case LineComment:
-                if (c=='\n') {
-                    tks.push_back({LC, token});
-                    tks.push_back({NL, "\n"});
-                    token = "";
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else {
-                    token += c;
-                }
-                break;
-            case BlockComment:
-                token += c;
-                if (c=='*') {
-                    state = BlockCommentEndStar;
-                }
-                break;
-            case BlockCommentEndStar:
-                token += c;
-                if (c=='/') {
-                    tks.push_back({BC, token});
-                    token = "";
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else {
-                    state = BlockComment;
-                }
-                break;
-            case Directive:
-                if (c=='\n') {
-                    tks.push_back({DR, token});
-                    tks.push_back({NL, "\n"});
-                    token = "";
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else if (c=='/') {
-                    tks.push_back({DR, token});
-                    token = c;
-                    state = FSlash;
-                } else {
-                    token += c;
-                }
-                break;
-            case Token:
-                if (c=='\n') {
-                    tks.push_back({TK, token});
-                    tks.push_back({NL, "\n"});
-                    token = "";
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else if (std::isblank(c)) {
-                    tks.push_back({TK, token});
-                    token = c;
-                    state = WhiteSpace;
-                } else if (c=='/') {
-                    tks.push_back({TK, token});
-                    token = c;
-                    state = FSlash;
-                }else {
-                    token += c;
-                }
-                break;
-            default:
-                break;
-        }
-        
-    }
-
-    switch(state) {
-        case WhiteSpace:
-            if (token != "") { tks.push_back({WS, token}); }
-        case FSlash:
-            tks.push_back({TK, token});
-            break;
-        case LineComment:
-            tks.push_back({LC, token});
-            break;
-        case BlockComment:
-        case BlockCommentEndStar:
-            tks.push_back({BC, token});
-            break;
-        case Directive:
-            tks.push_back({DR, token});
-            break;
-        case Token:
-            tks.push_back({TK, token});
-            break;
-        default:
-            break;
-    }
-
-    return tks;
-}
-
-ShaderUnit& ShaderPreprocessor::preprocess(const std::string& code, ShaderUnit& shad) const {
-    typedef ShaderPreprocessor::Token Token;
-    std::vector<Token> tks = tokenize(code);
-    
-    for (int i{0}; i < tks.size(); ++i) {
-        switch(tks[i].first) {
-            case DR:
-                directive_dispatch(shad, tks[i].second);
-                break;
-            case TK:
-            case NL:
-            case LC:
-            case BC:
-            case WS:
-            default:
-                shad.preprocSource += tks[i].second;
-                break;
-        }
-    }
-    
-    if (shad.vMajor == 0 && shad.vMinor == 0) {
-        shad.vMajor = 1;
-        shad.vMinor = 10;
-    }
-    return shad;
-}
-
-ShaderUnit ShaderPreprocessor::preprocess(File file, GLenum shader_type) const {
-    ShaderUnit ret;
-    ret.file = file;
-    if (shader_type) {
-        ret.type = shader_type;
-    } else {
-        decltype(AcceptedExtensions.begin()) find_type = AcceptedExtensions.find(file.path.ext);
-        if (find_type != AcceptedExtensions.end()) {
-            ret.type = find_type->second;
-        }
-    }
-    preprocess(file.src.str(), ret);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-ShaderUnit ShaderPreprocessor::preprocess(const std::string& code, GLenum shader_type) const {
-    File local;
-    local.path = File::FilePath{"live:", "live", ".shad"};
-    return preprocess(local, shader_type);
-}
-
-ShaderProgram ShaderPreprocessor::CreateShaderProgram(std::vector<std::string> shads) const {
-    std::vector<ShaderUnit> _shader_units;
-    for (const auto& name : shads) {
-        _shader_units.push_back(preprocess(load(name)));
-    }
-    return ShaderProgram::CreateShaderProgram(_shader_units);
-}
-
-ShaderProgram ShaderPreprocessor::ReloadFromFile(const ShaderProgram& rhs) const {
-    std::vector<std::string> shader_names;
-    shader_names.reserve(rhs._shader_units.size());
-    std::string filename;
-    for (const ShaderUnit& shad : rhs._shader_units) {
-        filename = shad.file.path.dir + shad.file.path.basename + shad.file.path.ext;
-        shader_names.emplace_back(filename);
-    }
-    return CreateShaderProgram(shader_names);
-}
-
-bool ShaderPreprocessor::directive_dispatch(ShaderUnit& shad, const std::string& line) const {
-    StringVec dir_tks = {""};
-    for (char c : line) {
-        if (std::isblank(c)) {
-            if (dir_tks.back() != "") {
-                dir_tks.push_back("");
-            }
-        } else {
-            dir_tks.back() += c;
-        }
-    }
-    if (!dir_tks.size()) { return false; }
-
-    if (dir_tks[0][0] != '#') { return false; }
-
-    if (dir_tks[0] == "#define") {
-        return preprocessor_define(shad, dir_tks, line);
-    } else if (dir_tks[0] == "#version") {
-        return preprocessor_version(shad, dir_tks, line);
-    } else if (dir_tks[0] == "#include") {
-        return preprocessor_include(shad, dir_tks, line);
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-typedef std::vector<std::string> StringVec;
-
-bool ShaderPreprocessor::preprocessor_include(
-    ShaderUnit& shad,
-    const StringVec& tokens,
-    const std::string& line
-) const
-{
-    try {
-        if (tokens[0] != "#include") { return false; }
-    } catch (std::out_of_range e) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    std::string path = "";
-    for (const auto& tk : tokens) {
-        if (tk != tokens.front()) {
-            path += tk;
-        }
-    }
-    // Add file-inclusion base + 
-    // Do path cleanup + 
-    // Restructure preprocessing data flow
-    std::string filename = path.substr(1, path.size()-2);
-    try {
-        if (path[0] == '"' && path.back() == '"') {
-            preprocess(load(filename).src.str(), shad);
-            return true;
-        } else if (path[0] == '<' && path.back() == '>') {
-            preprocess(load(filename, true).src.str(), shad);
-            return true;
-        }
-    } catch (ShaderPreprocessorError e) {
-        if (e.code == Codes::FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
-            std::cout << "COULD NOT FIND " << filename << ".\n";
-        } else {
-            throw e;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool ShaderPreprocessor::preprocessor_define(ShaderUnit& shad, const StringVec& tokens, const std::string& line) const {
-    shad.preprocSource += line;
-    try {
-        if (tokens[0] != "#define") { return false; }
-        try {
-            shad.defines[tokens[1]] = tokens[2];
-        } catch (std::length_error& f) {
-            shad.defines[tokens[1]] = "";
-        }
-        return true;
-    } catch (std::out_of_range& e) {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-bool ShaderPreprocessor::preprocessor_version(ShaderUnit& shad, const StringVec& tokens, const std::string& line) const {
-    shad.preprocSource += line;
-    std::cout << "Shader version: ";
-    try {
-        if (tokens[0] != "#version") { return false; }
-        if (tokens[1].size() == 3) {
-            short vMajor = tokens[1][0]-'0';
-            short vMinorA = tokens[1][1]-'0';
-            short vMinorB = tokens[1][2]-'0';
-            if (vMajor > 10 || vMinorA > 10 || vMinorB > 10) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            shad.vMajor = vMajor;
-            shad.vMinor = vMinorA*10 + vMinorB;
-            shad.profile = AcceptedProfiles.at(tokens[2]);
-            std::cout << shad.vMajor << "." << shad.vMinor << "\n";
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    } catch (std::out_of_range& e) {
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-
-/* bool ShaderPreprocessor::preprocessor_uniform(
-    ShaderUnit& shad,
-    const std::string& type,
-    const std::string& name
-) const {
-    std::string type_str = "";
-    unsigned int type_str_len = 0;
-    for (const char& c : type) {
-        if (type_str_len) {
-            if (std::isdigit(c)) {
-                type_str += c;
-                continue;
-            } else if (c=='[') {
-                type_str += '_';
-            }else if (c == ']' || std::isblank(c)){
-                continue;
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        } else {
-            if (std::isalnum(c)) {
-                type_str += c;
-                continue;
-            } else if (c == '[') {
-                type_str_len = type_str.length();
-                type_str += '_';
-                continue;
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    std::string name_str = "";
-    unsigned int name_str_len = 0;
-    for (const char& c : name) {
-        if (c == ';') {
-            break;
-        }
-        if (name_str_len) {
-            if (std::isdigit(c)) {
-                type_str.insert(type_str_len, 1, c);
-                type_str_len++;
-                continue;
-            } else if (c=='[') {
-                type_str.insert(type_str_len, "_");
-                type_str_len++;
-                continue;
-            }else if (c == ']' || std::isblank(c)){
-                continue;
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        } else {
-            if (std::isalnum(c)) {
-                name_str += c;
-                continue;
-            } else if ( c == '[') {
-                name_str_len = name_str.length();
-                type_str.insert(type_str_len, "_");
-                type_str_len++;
-                continue;
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    shad.uniforms.push_back(UniformHandle{
-        name_str,
-        type_str,
-        0x0,
-        0x0
-    });
-    return true;
-} */
-
-
-// ShaderProgram
-
-ShaderProgram::ShaderProgram(ShaderProgram&& rhs) {
-    _shader_units = rhs._shader_units;
-    _id = rhs._id;
-    rhs._id = 0;
-}
-
-ShaderProgram::~ShaderProgram() {
-    glDeleteProgram(_id);
-}
-
-ShaderProgram& ShaderProgram::operator=(ShaderProgram&& rhs) {
-    _shader_units = rhs._shader_units;
-    _id = rhs._id;
-    rhs._id = 0;
-    return *this;
-}
-
-
-ShaderProgram ShaderProgram::CreateShaderProgram(std::vector<ShaderUnit>& shaders) {
-    int success;
-    ShaderProgram ret(shaders);
-    char infoLog[512];
-    unsigned int shad_id;
-    std::vector<unsigned int> shad_ids;
-    shad_ids.reserve(shaders.size());
-    for (auto& shad : ret._shader_units) {
-        const char* source = shad.preprocSource.data();
-        shad_id = glCreateShader(shad.type);
-        shad_ids.emplace_back(shad_id);
-        glShaderSource(shad_id, 1, &source, NULL);
-        glCompileShader(shad_id);
-        glGetShaderiv(shad_id, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
-        if (!success) {
-            glGetShaderInfoLog(shad_id, 512, NULL, infoLog);
-            File::FilePath& fp = shad.file.path;
-            std::string filename = fp.dir + fp.basename + fp.ext;
-            // std::cout << "Could not compile '" + filename + "': " << infoLog << "\n";
-            // return *ret;
-            throw ShaderError("Could not compile '" + filename + "'.", infoLog);
-        }
-    }
-    
-    ret._id = glCreateProgram();
-    for(auto& id : shad_ids) {
-        glAttachShader(ret._id, id);
-    }
-    glLinkProgram(ret._id);
-    glGetProgramiv(ret._id, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
-    if (!success) {
-        glGetProgramInfoLog(ret._id, 512, NULL, infoLog);
-        throw ShaderError("Could not link shader program.", infoLog);
-    }
-    for (auto& id : shad_ids) {
-        glDeleteShader(id);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-unsigned int ShaderProgram::id() const { return _id; }
-
-void ShaderProgram::use() const {
-    glUseProgram(_id);
-}
-
-std::vector<ShaderUnit> ShaderProgram::getShaders() const {
-    return _shader_units;
-}
-
-ShaderUnit ShaderProgram::getShaders(unsigned int idx) const {
-    return _shader_units[idx];
-}
-
-void ShaderProgram::setBool(const std::string& name, bool value) const {
-    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(_id, name.c_str()), (int)value);
-}
-
-void ShaderProgram::setInt(const std::string& name, int value) const {
-    glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(_id, name.c_str()), (int)value);
-}
-
-void ShaderProgram::setFloat(const std::string& name, float value) const {
-    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(_id, name.c_str()), (int)value);
-}
-
-void ShaderProgram::setMat4(const std::string& name, glm::mat4& value) const {
-    glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(_id, name.c_str()), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(value));
-} 
-
-/* // Shader class
-Shader::Shader() { _id = 0x0; }
-
-Shader::Shader(const Shader& cpy_shader) { _id = cpy_shader._id; }
-
-Shader& Shader::operator=(const Shader& cpy_shader) { _id = cpy_shader._id; return *this; }
-
-void Shader::use() const{
-    glUseProgram(_id);
-}
-
-*/
-
-}

engine/NBGraphics/tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.26.0)
+
+if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
+    enable_testing()
+    include(GoogleTest)
+    
+    set(STBIMAGE_PATH ${NBENGINE_ROOT}/../stbi_image)
+    get_filename_component(STBIMAGE_PATH ${STBIMAGE_PATH} ABSOLUTE)
+
+    add_executable(TestWindow
+        ./TestWindow.cpp
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(TestWindow
+        NBGraphics
+    )
+    target_include_directories(TestWindow
+        PRIVATE "${STBIMAGE_PATH}"
+    )
+
+    add_executable(TestImages
+        ./testImages.cpp
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(TestImages
+        NBGraphics
+        GTest::gtest_main
+    )
+    target_include_directories(TestImages
+        PRIVATE "${STBIMAGE_PATH}"
+    )
+
+    gtest_discover_tests(TestImages)
+
+endif()

engine/NBGraphics/tests/TestWindow.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#include <NBGraphics/GLLoad.hpp>
+#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_image.h"
+
+#include <NBCore/Errors.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Image.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Mesh.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/ProgramPipeline.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/VertexData.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Window.hpp>
+#include <NBGraphics/Textures.hpp>
+
+
+int main() {
+    LOG("Howdy!");
+    auto window = nb::OGLWindow::CreateWindow(
+        400,
+        400,
+        "Howdy!", 
+        {{GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3},
+        {GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3}}
+    );
+    nb::OGLWindow::MakeCurrent(window);
+
+    auto vert = std::make_shared<nb::Shader>(
+        GL_VERTEX_SHADER,
+        "#version 330 core\n"
+        "layout (location = 0) in vec2 aPos;\n"
+        "out vec4 vColor;\n"
+        "void main()\n"
+        "{\n"
+        "   gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, 0.0, 1.0);\n"
+        "   vec2 tmp = (aPos+vec2(1.0, 1.0))*0.5;\n"
+        "   vColor = vec4(tmp.x, 0, tmp.y, 1.0);\n"
+        "}\0"
+    );
+
+    LOG(vert->log());
+
+    auto frag = std::make_shared<nb::Shader>(
+        GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER,
+        "#version 330 core\n"
+        "in vec4 vColor;\n"
+        "out vec4 FragColor;\n"
+        "void main()\n"
+        "{\n"
+        "   FragColor = vColor;\n"
+        "}\n\0"
+    );
+
+    LOG(frag->log());
+
+    nb::ByteVector data = nb::vectorToBytes<float>({
+       -0.5, -0.5,
+       0, 0.5,
+       0.5, -0.5
+    });
+
+    nb::Program prog({vert, frag});
+    prog.bind();
+
+    std::vector<uint32_t> indxs = {0, 1, 2};
+
+    nb::IndexedMesh tri(GL_TRIANGLES, data, {nb::VertexAttribute{
+            2,
+            nb::TypeCodes::FLOAT32,
+            false,
+            {0, 8}
+        }}, indxs);
+    LOG(prog.log());
+
+    GLFWwindow* window_ptr = window->getWindowPtr();
+    while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window_ptr)) {
+        OPENGL_CALL(glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));
+        OPENGL_CALL(glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT));
+        tri.draw();
+        glfwPollEvents();
+        glfwSwapBuffers(window_ptr);
+    }    
+
+    return 0;
+}

engine/NBGraphics/tests/testImages.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_image.h"
+
+#include <NBGraphics/Image.hpp>
+
+TEST(TestImage, SinglePixel) {
+    using RGB = nb::Pixel<uint8_t, nb::Red, nb::Green, nb::Blue>;
+    RGB p1;
+    p1.r = 0x00;
+    p1.g = 0x0F;
+    p1.b = 0xFF;
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.r, 0x00);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.g, 0x0F);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.b, 0xFF);
+    RGB p2(p1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p2.r, 0x00);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p2.g, 0x0F);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p2.b, 0xFF);
+    RGB p3(0xA, 0xB, 0xC);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p3.r, 0xA);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p3.g, 0xB);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p3.b, 0xC);
+    RGB p4 = p3;
+    ASSERT_EQ(p4.r, 0xA);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p4.g, 0xB);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p4.b, 0xC);
+    RGB p5(0xA0, 0xB0, 0xC0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p5.r, 0xA0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p5.g, 0xB0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p5.b, 0xC0);
+
+    using RBAG = nb::Pixel<float,
+        nb::Red, nb::Blue, nb::Alpha, nb::Green
+    >;
+    float a=0.5, b=0.4, c=0.0, d=0.3;
+    RBAG p6 = {a, b, c, d};
+    ASSERT_EQ(p6.r, a);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p6.b, b);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p6.a, c);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p6.g, d);
+    RBAG p7 = p6;
+    ASSERT_EQ(p7.r, a);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p7.b, b);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p7.a, c);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p7.g, d);
+}
+
+TEST(TestImage, PixelReference) {
+    using RGB = nb::Pixel<uint8_t, nb::Red, nb::Green, nb::Blue>;
+    using RGBRef = nb::PixelReference<RGB>;
+
+    using RBAG = nb::Pixel<float,
+        nb::Red, nb::Blue, nb::Alpha, nb::Green
+    >;
+    using RBAGRef = nb::PixelReference<RBAG>;
+
+    RGB p1{255, 254, 253};
+    RGBRef rp1(p1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(rp1.r, p1.r);
+    ASSERT_EQ(rp1.g, p1.g);
+    ASSERT_EQ(rp1.b, p1.b);
+
+    RGB p2{0xa, 0xb, 0xc};
+    rp1 = p2;
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.r, p2.r);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.g, p2.g);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.b, p2.b);
+
+    RGB p3 = rp1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(p3.r, p1.r);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p3.g, p1.g);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p3.b, p1.b);
+
+    RGBRef rp2 = rp1;
+    rp2 = RGB(2, 4, 8);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.r, 2);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.g, 4);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.b, 8);
+
+    int val = 27;
+    rp1.b = val;
+    ASSERT_EQ(rp1.r, p1.r);
+    ASSERT_EQ(rp1.g, p1.g);
+    ASSERT_EQ(rp1.b, p1.b);
+    ASSERT_EQ(p1.b, val);
+}
+
+TEST(TestImage, SimpleImage) {
+    unsigned char data[] = {
+        0x00, 0x00,
+        0x00, 0xFF,
+        0xFF, 0x00,
+        0xFF, 0xFF
+    };
+    using RG = nb::Pixel<uint8_t, nb::Red, nb::Blue>;
+    nb::Image<RG> img(
+        2, 2, data
+    );
+    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(data); ++i) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(img.data()[i], data[i]);
+    }
+    auto pixel = img.at(0, 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(pixel.r, data[4]);
+    ASSERT_EQ(pixel.b, data[5]);
+    
+}
+
+TEST(TestImage, LoadImage) {
+    int width, height, numChannels;
+    unsigned char* data = stbi_load(
+        "./awesomeface.png",
+        &width,
+        &height,
+        &numChannels,
+        0  
+    );
+    using RGBA = nb::Pixel<unsigned char, nb::Red, nb::Green, nb::Blue, nb::Alpha>;
+    nb::Image<RGBA> img(
+        width, height, data
+    );
+    for(int i = 0; i < height; ++i) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < width; ++j) {
+            auto pixel = img.at(j, i);
+            ASSERT_EQ(pixel.r, data[4*(i*width+j)]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(pixel.g, data[4*(i*width+j) + 1]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(pixel.b, data[4*(i*width+j) + 2]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(pixel.a, data[4*(i*width+j) + 3]);
+        }
+    }
+    stbi_image_free(data);
+}
+
+TEST(TestImage, ImageBounds) {
+    size_t len = 10;
+    uint8_t val = 0xAA;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> vec(2*len*len, val);
+    using RB = nb::Pixel<uint8_t, nb::Red, nb::Blue>;
+    nb::Image<RB> img(
+        len, len, vec.data()
+    );
+    for (int i=0; i < 15; ++i) {
+        if (i<len) {
+            auto pixel = img.at(len/2, i);
+            ASSERT_EQ(pixel.r, val);
+            ASSERT_EQ(pixel.b, val);
+        } else {
+            ASSERT_THROW(img.at(len/2, i), nb::ImageError);
+            ASSERT_THROW(img.at(i, len/2), nb::ImageError);
+        }
+    }
+
+}