diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 8f60158..9473a5f 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -48,13 +48,12 @@ if(NB_BUILD_TESTS)
     include(FetchContent)
     FetchContent_Declare(
         gtest
-        URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/tags/release-1.12.1.zip
+        URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/refs/heads/main.zip
     )
     if (WIN32)
         set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
         FetchContent_MakeAvailable(gtest)
     endif()
-    include(GoogleTest)
     set(GTEST_COLOR ON)
     set(GLFW_BUILD_TESTS ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
 endif()
@@ -62,6 +61,7 @@ endif()
 if (NB_LOGGING)
     message(STATUS "Building with automatic logging")
     add_compile_definitions(_NB_AUTOLOG)
+    add_compile_definitions(_NB_CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS)
 endif()
 
 if (NB_TARGET_WINDOWS)
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/ANSITerm.hpp b/engine/NBCore/ANSITerm.hpp
index b74ee7b..b729bac 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/ANSITerm.hpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/ANSITerm.hpp
@@ -2,16 +2,10 @@
 #ifndef _NB_ANSI_TERM
 #define _NB_ANSI_TERM
 
-#include <array>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <iomanip>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
-#include <tuple>
 #include <type_traits>
 
-#include "TypeTraits.hpp"
-
 /*
 ----------- TECH DEBT ------------
 Idk wtf to do here. This was originally to allow me to print 
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/CMakeLists.txt b/engine/NBCore/CMakeLists.txt
index 6b105df..76e9249 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/engine/NBCore/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,20 +1,23 @@
-include_directories(./.)
-
 toAbsolutePath(NB_CORE_SOURCE 
-    ./src/Errors.cpp
-    ./src/Processes.cpp
+    ./src/ErrorsImpl.cpp
     ./src/Logger.cpp
+    ./src/Processes.cpp
+    ./src/StringUtils.cpp
+    ./src/Utils.cpp
 )
 
 toAbsolutePath(NB_CORE_INCLUDE
     ./ANSITerm.hpp
     ./DataSink.hpp
     ./Errors.hpp
+    ./ErrorsImpl.hpp
     ./Logger.hpp
     ./Processes.hpp
+    ./StringUtils.hpp
     ./ThreadsafeQueue.hpp
     ./Types.hpp
     ./TypeTraits.hpp
+    ./Utils.hpp
 )
 
 set(NB_CORE_SOURCE ${NB_CORE_SOURCE} PARENT_SCOPE)
@@ -22,6 +25,8 @@ set(NB_CORE_INCLUDE ${NB_CORE_INCLUDE} PARENT_SCOPE)
 
 add_library(NBCore ${NB_CORE_SOURCE})
 
+target_include_directories(NBCore PUBLIC ./.)
+
 if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
     add_subdirectory(./tests)
 endif()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/DataSink.hpp b/engine/NBCore/DataSink.hpp
index 75cbad6..155c48a 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/DataSink.hpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/DataSink.hpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #ifndef _NB_DATASINK
 #define _NB_DATASINK
 
+#include <atomic>
 #include <thread>
 
 #include "ThreadSafeQueue.hpp"
@@ -34,9 +35,9 @@ class BufferedDataProcessor : public DataSink<DataType> {
 public:
     using Base::Base;
 
-    bool stop() noexcept { return type_ptr->stop(); }
-    bool run() { return type_ptr->run(); }
-    bool in(const DataType& val) { return type_ptr->in(val); }
+    virtual bool stop() noexcept override { return type_ptr->stop(); }
+    virtual bool run() override { return type_ptr->run(); }
+    virtual bool in(const DataType& val) override { return type_ptr->in(val); }
 
 protected:
     unsigned int count() const {
@@ -71,13 +72,13 @@ template<typename DataType, typename ProcessorType>
 class MultithreadedDataProcessor 
 : public BufferedDataProcessor<DataType, ThreadsafeQueue<DataType>, ProcessorType> {
     using Base = BufferedDataProcessor<DataType, ThreadsafeQueue<DataType>, ProcessorType>;
-public:
+    public:
     ~MultithreadedDataProcessor() { type_ptr->stop(); }
 
     bool isRunning() const noexcept override {
-        return this->_running && (_runningThread!=nullptr);
+        return this->_running;
     }
-    bool run() {
+    bool run() override {
         if (!type_ptr->isRunning()) {
             this->_running = true;
             _runningThread = std::make_shared<std::thread>([&]{
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ public:
         return !type_ptr->isRunning();
     }
 
-protected:
+    protected:
     using Base::Base;
 
     unsigned int count() const {
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/Errors.hpp b/engine/NBCore/Errors.hpp
index a893b9b..8a6db60 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/Errors.hpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/Errors.hpp
@@ -2,138 +2,42 @@
 #ifndef _NB_ERROR
 #define _NB_ERROR
 
-#include <exception>
-#include <memory>
-#include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
-#include <unordered_map>
-
-#ifndef THROW_WITH_INFO
-    #ifdef CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
-        #define THROW_WITH_INFO(type, ...) throw type(__VA_ARGS__, __LINE__, __FILE__)
-    #else
-        #define THROW_WITH_INFO(type, ...) throw type(__VA_ARGS__)
-    #endif // CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
-#endif // THROW_WITH_INFO
-
-#ifndef THROW
-    #ifdef LOGGING
-        #define THROW_WTIH_INFO(type, ...) throw type(__VA_ARGS__, __LINE__, __FILE__)
-    #else
-        #define THROW(...) THROW_WITH_INFO(__VA_ARGS__)
-    #endif // LOGGING
-#endif // THROW
+#include "ErrorsImpl.hpp"
+#include "Logger.hpp"
 
 namespace nb {
 
-typedef std::unordered_map<unsigned int, const char*> ErrorCodeMap;
-
-template<class ErrorType>
-class ErrorBase : public std::exception {
-public:
-    ErrorBase(
-        const unsigned int code,
-        unsigned int line=0,
-        std::string filename=""
-    ) noexcept : ErrorBase(
-        code, 
-        ErrorBase<ErrorType>::lookup(code),
-        line,
-        filename
-    ) {}
-    ErrorBase(
-        const unsigned int code,
-        const std::exception& trace,
-        unsigned int line=0,
-        std::string filename=""
-    ) noexcept : ErrorBase(
-        code, 
-        ErrorBase<ErrorType>::lookup(code),
-        trace,
-        line,
-        filename
-    ) {}
-
-    static std::string lookup(unsigned int);
-    unsigned int code() const noexcept {
-        return static_cast<const ErrorType*>(this)->_code;
-    };
-    virtual const char* what() const noexcept override final { return _msg.c_str(); };
-
-protected:
-    ErrorBase() = default;
-    ErrorBase(
-        const unsigned int code,
-        std::string msg,
-        unsigned int line=0,
-        std::string filename=""
-    ) noexcept : _code{code}, _msg{""} {
-        static_assert(std::is_same<const std::unordered_map<unsigned int, const char*>, decltype(ErrorType::ErrorMessages)>::value,
-            "const std::unordered_map<unsigned int, const char*> ErrorMessages must be "
-            "a class member."
-        );
-        static_assert(std::is_enum_v<typename ErrorType::ErrorCodes>, "enum ErrorCodes must be a class member.");
-        static_assert(std::is_same<std::underlying_type_t<typename ErrorType::ErrorCodes>, unsigned int>::value,
-            "enum ErrorCodes must be of underlying type unsigned int."
-        );
-        static_assert(std::is_same<const std::string, decltype(ErrorType::type)>::value,
-            "const std::string type must be a class member."
-        );
-
-        _msg += std::string(ErrorType::type);
-        _msg += "[" + std::to_string(_code) + "]";
-        if (line && filename.size()) {
-            _msg += " in \'" + filename + "\':" + std::to_string(line);
-        }
-        _msg += "\n    " + msg;
-    } 
-    ErrorBase(
-        const unsigned int code,
-        std::string msg,
-        const std::exception& trace,
-        unsigned int line=0,
-        std::string filename=""
-    ) noexcept : ErrorBase(code, msg, line, filename) {
-        std::string what_msg(trace.what());
-        std::string::size_type newline_pos=-1;
-        while((newline_pos=what_msg.find("\n", newline_pos+1))!= std::string::npos) {
-            what_msg.replace(newline_pos, 1, "\n  ");
-        }
-        _msg += "\n    Trace - " + what_msg;
-    }
-    
-    unsigned int _code;
-    std::string _msg;
-};
-
-class Error : public ErrorBase<Error> {
-public:
-    enum ErrorCodes : unsigned int {
-        GENERAL, UNDEFINED, BADERRORCODE
-    };
-
-    using ErrorBase<Error>::ErrorBase;
-
-    friend ErrorBase<Error>;
-
-protected:
-    static const std::string type;
-    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
-
-};
-
-template<class ErrorType>
-std::string ErrorBase<ErrorType>::lookup(unsigned int code) {
-    for (auto kv : ErrorType::ErrorMessages) {
-        if (kv.first==code) {
-            return std::string(kv.second);
-        }        
-    }
-
-    throw Error(Error::ErrorCodes::BADERRORCODE);
-}
+#ifdef _NB_AUTOLOG
+    #ifdef _NB_CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
+        #ifndef LOG
+            #define LOG(args...) nb::logger.log(args, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+        #endif // LOG
+        #ifndef WARN
+            #define WARN(args...) nb::logger.warn(args, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+        #endif // WARN
+        #ifndef ERROR
+            #define ERROR(args...) nb::logger.error(args, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+        #endif // ERROR
+    #else
+        #ifndef LOG
+            #define LOG(args...) nb::logger.log(args)
+        #endif // LOG
+        #ifndef WARN
+            #define WARN(args...) nb::logger.warn(args)
+        #endif // WARN
+        #ifndef ERROR
+            #define ERROR(args...) nb::logger.error(args)
+        #endif // ERROR
+    #endif // _NB_CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
+#endif // _NB_AUTOLOG
 
+#ifndef THROW
+    #ifdef _NB_AUTOLOG
+        #define THROW(args...) ERROR(args); nb::logger.stop(); throw args
+    #else
+        #define THROW(args...) throw args
+    #endif // _NB_CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
+#endif // THROW
 } // namespace nb
 
-
 #endif // _NB_ERROR
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/ErrorsImpl.hpp b/engine/NBCore/ErrorsImpl.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5b8589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/ErrorsImpl.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_ERRORS_IMPL
+#define _NB_ERRORS_IMPL
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include "StringUtils.hpp"
+#include "TypeTraits.hpp"
+
+namespace nb {
+
+typedef std::unordered_map<unsigned int, std::string> ErrorCodeMap;
+
+template <class ErrorType=NoneType>
+class Error;
+
+class ErrorBase {
+    protected:
+
+    public:
+    const unsigned int code;
+    const std::string msg;
+    const std::string type;
+    const std::shared_ptr<ErrorBase> trace;
+
+    ErrorBase(const ErrorBase&) = default;
+    ErrorBase(const std::exception&) noexcept;
+    virtual std::string what() const noexcept {
+        std::string ret = msg;
+        if (trace) {
+            std::string trace_msg = msg;
+            ret += nb::NEWLINE + indent_strblock(
+                trace_msg,
+                nb::TABOVER,
+                nb::TABOVER+"Trace: "
+            );
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+    
+    protected:
+    ErrorBase(
+    unsigned int code_,
+    std::string msg_,
+    std::string type_,
+    std::shared_ptr<ErrorBase> trace_
+) noexcept :
+    code(code_),
+    msg(msg_),
+    type(type_),
+    trace{trace_}
+{}
+};
+
+template <class ErrorType>
+class Error : public ErrorBase {
+    private:
+    void inline check_asserts() {
+        static_assert(std::is_same<const ErrorCodeMap, decltype(ErrorType::ErrorMessages)>::value,
+            "const std::unordered_map<unsigned int, const char*> ErrorMessages must be "
+            "a class member."
+        );
+        static_assert(std::is_enum_v<typename ErrorType::Codes>, "enum Codes must be a class member.");
+        static_assert(std::is_same<std::underlying_type_t<typename ErrorType::Codes>, unsigned int>::value,
+            "enum Codes must be of underlying type unsigned int."
+        );
+        static_assert(std::is_same<const std::string, decltype(ErrorType::type)>::value,
+            "const std::string type must be a class member."
+        );
+    }
+
+    protected:
+    using ErrorBase::ErrorBase;
+
+    public:
+    Error(
+        unsigned int code_,
+        const ErrorBase& trace_
+    ) noexcept : ErrorBase(
+        code_, 
+        ErrorType::ErrorMessages.at(code_),
+        ErrorType::type,
+        std::make_shared<ErrorBase>(trace_)
+    ) { check_asserts(); }
+
+    Error(
+        std::string msg_,
+        const ErrorBase& trace_
+    ) noexcept : ErrorBase(
+        0, 
+        msg_,
+        ErrorType::type,
+        std::make_shared<ErrorBase>(trace_)
+    ) { check_asserts(); }
+
+    Error(unsigned int code_) noexcept : ErrorBase(
+        code_, 
+        ErrorType::ErrorMessages.at(code_),
+        ErrorType::type,
+        nullptr
+    ) { check_asserts(); }
+
+    Error(std::string msg_) noexcept : ErrorBase(
+        0, 
+        msg_,
+        ErrorType::type,
+        nullptr
+    ) { check_asserts(); }
+
+    Error(
+        unsigned int code_,
+        const std::string& note_,
+        const ErrorBase& trace_
+    ) noexcept : ErrorBase(
+        code_,
+        ErrorType::ErrorMessages.at(code_) + " (" + note_ + ")",
+        ErrorType::type,
+        std::make_shared<ErrorBase>(trace_)
+    ) { check_asserts(); }
+
+    Error(unsigned int code_, const std::string& note_) noexcept : ErrorBase(
+        code_,
+        ErrorType::ErrorMessages.at(code_) + " (" + note_ + ")",
+        ErrorType::type,
+        nullptr
+    ) { check_asserts(); }
+
+    using ErrorBase::what;
+    using ErrorBase::code;
+    using ErrorBase::msg;
+    using ErrorBase::trace;
+    using ErrorBase::type;
+};
+
+
+template<>
+class Error<NoneType> : public Error<Error<NoneType>> {
+    using Base = Error<Error<NoneType>>;
+    
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+    
+    Error(unsigned int code_=1) noexcept : Base(code_) {}
+
+    Error(const std::exception& err) : Base(
+        Codes::STANDARD,
+        std::string(err.what()),
+        "std::exception",
+        nullptr
+    ) {}
+
+    // fix
+    Error(std::string msg_) noexcept : Base(
+        Codes::UNDEFINED, 
+        msg_
+    ) {}
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        STANDARD, UNDEFINED
+    };
+
+    using Base::what;
+    using Base::code;
+    using Base::msg;
+    using Base::trace;
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+} // namespace nb
+
+#endif // _NB_ERRORS_IMPL
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/Logger.hpp b/engine/NBCore/Logger.hpp
index e767eea..f4e79be 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/Logger.hpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/Logger.hpp
@@ -2,35 +2,27 @@
 #ifndef _NB_LOGGER
 #define _NB_LOGGER
 
-#include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
-#include <iomanip>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <thread>
-#include <type_traits>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "DataSink.hpp"
+#include "ErrorsImpl.hpp"
 #include "Processes.hpp"
 #include "ThreadSafeQueue.hpp"
 #include "TypeTraits.hpp"
 
 namespace nb {
 
+class ErrorBase;
+
 typedef std::chrono::time_point<
     std::chrono::system_clock,
     std::chrono::nanoseconds
 > LoggerTimePoint;
 
-struct LogEvent{
-    const LoggerTimePoint time;
-    const unsigned char lvl;
-    const std::string msg;
-    const std::thread::id tid;
-    const uint64_t pid;
-};
-
 typedef std::string (*LogProcessFunction)(const LoggerTimePoint&, const std::string&);
 typedef std::unordered_map<uint8_t, LogProcessFunction> LogProcessFunctionMap;
 
@@ -40,26 +32,36 @@ class LoggerBase
     using StreamType = ST;
     using LoggerType = Logger;
     using Base = MultithreadedDataProcessor<LogType, LoggerType>;
-public:
-    bool run() {
-        if (!type_ptr->isRunning()) {
+
+    public:
+    bool run() override {
+        if (!static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->isRunning()) {
             this->_running = true;
             this->_runningThread = std::make_shared<std::thread>([&]{
-                while(type_ptr->isRunning()) {
-                    type_ptr->flush();
+                while(static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->isRunning()) {
+                    static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->flush();
                 }
-                type_ptr->flush();
+                static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->flush();
             });
         }
-        return type_ptr->isRunning();
+        return static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->isRunning();
     }
-protected:
+    using Base::flush;
+
+    protected:
     LoggerBase() = default;
 
     StreamType _ostream;
+};
 
-private:
-    LoggerType* type_ptr = static_cast<LoggerType*>(this);
+struct LogEvent{
+    const LoggerTimePoint time;
+    const unsigned char lvl;
+    const std::string msg;
+    const std::thread::id tid;
+    const uint64_t pid;
+    const std::string file="";
+    const unsigned int line=0;
 };
 
 template <typename LT>
@@ -72,39 +74,70 @@ public:
     template<typename... ST>
     DebugLogger(ST&... streams) : _ostream(nb::RefPackToPtrVec<std::ostream, ST...>(streams...).vec) {}
 
-    ~DebugLogger() { type_ptr->stop(); }
+    ~DebugLogger() { static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->stop(); }
 
-    void log(const std::string& msg, const uint8_t& lvl=0xFF) {
-        type_ptr->push(LogEvent{
+    template<typename U>
+    void log(
+        U val,
+        std::string file="",
+        unsigned int line=0
+    ) { static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->write_message(val, 0x00, file, line); }
+
+    template<typename U>
+    void warn(
+        U val,
+        uint8_t lvl=0x01,
+        std::string file="",
+        unsigned int line=0
+    ) { static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->write_message(val, lvl, file, line); }
+
+    void error(
+        const ErrorBase& val,
+        std::string file="",
+        unsigned int line=0
+    ) {
+        static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->write_message(val, 0xFF, file, line);
+        static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->flush();
+    }
+
+    protected:
+    std::vector<std::ostream*> _ostream;
+    void write_message(
+        std::string msg,
+        uint8_t lvl=0x00,
+        std::string file="",
+        unsigned int line=0
+    ) {
+        static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->push(LogEvent{
             std::chrono::system_clock::now(),
             lvl,
             msg,
             std::this_thread::get_id(),
             GetPID(),
+            file,
+            line
         });
     }
 
     template <size_t N>
-    void log(char const(&msg) [N], const uint8_t& lvl=0xFF) {
-        type_ptr->log(std::string(msg), lvl);
+    void write_message(
+        char const(&msg) [N],
+        uint8_t lvl=0x00,
+        std::string file="",
+        unsigned int line=0
+    ) {
+        static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->write_message(std::string(msg), lvl, file, line);
     }
 
-    void log(const std::exception& err, const uint8_t& lvl=0xFF) {
-        type_ptr->log(err.what(), lvl);
+    void write_message(
+        const ErrorBase& err,
+        uint8_t lvl=0x00,
+        std::string file="",
+        unsigned int line=0
+    ) {
+        static_cast<LoggerType*>(this)->write_message(err.what(), lvl, file, line);
     }
 
-    template<typename U>
-    void warn(const U& val, const uint8_t& lvl=0x01) { type_ptr->log(val, lvl); }
-
-    template<typename U>
-    void error(const U& val) { type_ptr->log(val, 0xFF); }
-
-protected:
-    std::vector<std::ostream*> _ostream;
-
-private:
-    LoggerType* type_ptr = static_cast<LoggerType*>(this);
-
 };
 
 class DefaultDebugLogger : public DebugLogger<DefaultDebugLogger> {
@@ -114,7 +147,7 @@ class DefaultDebugLogger : public DebugLogger<DefaultDebugLogger> {
     template <typename... Ts>
     struct LogRow;
 
-public:
+    public:
     using Base::Base;
 
     ~DefaultDebugLogger() { stop(); }
@@ -127,17 +160,17 @@ public:
 protected:
     using Base::_ostream;
 
-    bool process(const LogEvent& msg) {
-        for (const auto os : this->_ostream) {
-            *os << msg.lvl << "\t|\t" << msg.msg << "\n";
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
+    bool process(const LogEvent& msg);
 };  
 
+extern const bool LOGGER_RUNNING;
+
+#ifndef _NB_NO_LOGGER
 extern DefaultDebugLogger logger;
+#endif // _NB_NO_LOGGER
 
 // Taking Charge of Adult ADHD by Russell Barkley
 
 } // namespace nb
+
 #endif // _NB_LOGGER
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/Processes.hpp b/engine/NBCore/Processes.hpp
index 87ee029..87c16ee 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/Processes.hpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/Processes.hpp
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 namespace nb {
 
 uint64_t GetPID();
+uint64_t getTID();
+
 
 } // namespace nb
 
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/StringUtils.hpp b/engine/NBCore/StringUtils.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8d9778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/StringUtils.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_STRING_UTILS
+#define _NB_STRING_UTILS
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+#include "TypeTraits.hpp"
+
+namespace nb {
+
+#ifdef _NB_TARGET_WINDOWS
+    const std::string NEWLINE = "\n";
+    const std::wstring WNEWLINE = L"\n";
+#endif // _NB_TARGET_WINDOWS
+#ifdef _NB_TARGET_LINUX
+    const std::string NEWLINE = "\n";
+    const std::wstring WNEWLINE = L"\n";
+#endif // _NB_TARGET_LINUX
+
+const std::string TABOVER = "   ";
+
+// std::wstring str_to_wstr(std::string in);
+
+// std::string wstr_to_str(std::wstring in);
+
+template <typename Stream, typename... Args>
+void stream(const Stream& s, Args&&... args);
+
+template <typename Stream, typename... Args>
+void stream(const Stream& s, Args&&... args) {
+    (s << ... << args);
+}
+
+template<typename... Args>
+void term(Args&&... args) { stream(std::cout, args..., nb::NEWLINE); }
+
+template<typename... Args>
+void wterm(Args&&... args) { stream(std::wcout, args..., nb::WNEWLINE); }
+
+template <typename T = char>
+std::basic_string<T> find_and_replace(
+    ExplicitType_t<std::basic_string<T>> original,
+    ExplicitType_t<std::basic_string_view<T>> find,
+    ExplicitType_t<std::basic_string_view<T>> replace
+) {
+    using StringType = std::basic_string<T>;
+
+    StringType ret(original);
+
+    std::size_t find_len = find.length();
+    std::size_t replace_len = replace.length();
+    std::size_t currpos = 0;
+    while(true) {
+        currpos = ret.find(find, currpos);
+        if (currpos == StringType::npos) {
+            break;
+        }
+        ret = ret.erase(currpos, find_len);
+        ret = ret.insert(currpos, replace);
+        currpos += replace_len;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+std::string indent_strblock(
+    std::string block,
+    std::string prepend,
+    std::string topIndent
+);
+
+std::string indent_strblock(
+    std::string block,
+    std::string prepend
+);
+
+} // namespace nb
+#endif // _NB_STRING_UTILS
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/TypeTraits.hpp b/engine/NBCore/TypeTraits.hpp
index 5226e94..fb990fe 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/TypeTraits.hpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/TypeTraits.hpp
@@ -2,15 +2,96 @@
 #ifndef _NB_TYPE_TRAITS
 #define _NB_TYPE_TRAITS
 
+#include <tuple>
 #include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace nb {
 
-template<std::size_t N=0, typename Func, typename... Pack>
+namespace detail {
+    template <
+        class Default,
+        class AlwaysVoid,
+        template <class...> class Op,
+        class... Args
+    >
+    struct detector {
+        using value = std::false_type;
+        using type = Default;
+    };
+
+    template <
+        class Default, 
+        template <class...> class Op,
+        class... Args
+    >
+    struct detector<Default, std::void_t<Op<Args...>>, Op, Args...> {
+        using value = std::true_type;
+        using type = Op<Args...>;
+    };
+} // namespace detail
+
+struct NoneType{};
+
+template <
+    template <class...> class Op,
+    class... Args
+>
+using is_detected = typename detail::detector<NoneType, void, Op, Args...>::value;
+
+template <typename... Types>
+struct ValidConversion;
+
+template <typename To, typename A, typename B, typename... Rest>
+struct ValidConversion<To, A, B, Rest...> {
+    typedef std::conjunction<
+        std::is_constructible<To, A>, std::is_constructible<To, A>, std::conjunction<std::is_constructible<To, Rest>...>
+    > value_type; 
+    static constexpr bool value = value_type::value;
+    typedef std::enable_if_t<value, To> to;
+
+};
+
+template <typename To, typename From>
+struct ValidConversion<To, From> {
+    typedef std::is_constructible<To, From> value_type; 
+    static constexpr bool value = value_type::value;
+    typedef std::enable_if_t<value, To> to;
+    typedef std::enable_if_t<value, From> from;
+};
+
+template<typename... Types>
+using ValidConversion_v = typename ValidConversion<Types...>::value;
+
+template<typename... Types>
+using ValidConversion_to = typename ValidConversion<Types...>::to;
+
+template<typename To, typename From>
+using ValidConversion_from = typename ValidConversion<To, From>::from;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct ExplicitType { using type=T; };
+
+template <typename T>
+using ExplicitType_t = typename ExplicitType<T>::type;
+
+template <typename T>
+T* NULLPTR = static_cast<T*>(nullptr);
+
+template <typename Func, typename T>
+struct RunAndOutput {
+    using type = T;
+    T value;
+    RunAndOutput(Func func, T val) : value(val) {
+        func();
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename Func, std::size_t N=0, typename... Pack>
 inline typename std::enable_if<N==sizeof...(Pack), void>::type
 ForEach(std::tuple<Pack...>&, Func) {}
 
-template<std::size_t N=0, typename Func, typename... Pack>
+template<typename Func, std::size_t N=0, typename... Pack>
 inline typename std::enable_if<N < sizeof...(Pack), void>::type
 ForEach(std::tuple<Pack...>& tup, Func f) {
     f(N, std::get<N>(tup));
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/Types.hpp b/engine/NBCore/Types.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 293bdb5..0000000
--- a/engine/NBCore/Types.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#ifndef _NB_CORE_TYPES
-#define _NB_CORE_TYPES
-
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace nb {
-
-template<typename T>
-T swapEndian(const T& val) {
-    T ret;
-    const int size = sizeof(T);
-    auto retLoc = static_cast<void*>(&ret);
-    auto valLoc = static_cast<const void*>(&val);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
-        memcpy(retLoc+i, valLoc+(size-i-1), 1);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-using ByteVector = std::vector<uint8_t>;
-
-} // namespace nb
-#endif // _NB_CORE_TYPES
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/Utils.hpp b/engine/NBCore/Utils.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..76ae1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/Utils.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#pragma once
+#ifndef _NB_CORE_TYPES
+#define _NB_CORE_TYPES
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "Errors.hpp"
+
+namespace nb {
+
+template<typename T>
+using SharedVector = std::vector<std::shared_ptr<T>>;
+
+template<typename T>
+using RValueVector = std::vector<T&&>;
+
+using ByteVector = std::vector<uint8_t>;
+
+class ObjectManagerError : public Error<ObjectManagerError> {
+    using Base = Error<ObjectManagerError>;
+
+    public:
+    using Base::Base;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        UNDEFINED, NO_MANAGER, MANAGER_MISMATCH, LOCK_OVERFLOW, BAD_THREAD
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+ByteVector vectorToBytes(const std::vector<T>& vec) {
+    unsigned int num_bytes = vec.size() * sizeof(T);
+    ByteVector ret(num_bytes);
+    memcpy(ret.data(), vec.data(), num_bytes);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+template<typename T, typename S>
+ByteVector concatVectorBytes(const std::vector<T>& vec1, const std::vector<S>& vec2) {
+    ByteVector vec1_raw = vectorToBytes<T>(vec1);
+    ByteVector vec2_raw = vectorToBytes<S>(vec2);
+    unsigned int vec1_raw_size = vec1_raw.size();
+    unsigned int vec2_raw_size = vec2_raw.size();
+    ByteVector ret(vec1_raw_size + vec2_raw_size);
+    memcpy(ret.data(), vec1_raw.data(), vec1_raw_size);
+    memcpy(ret.data() + vec1_raw_size, vec2_raw.data(), vec2_raw_size);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+std::vector<T> bytesToVector(const ByteVector& vec) {
+    if (vec.size() % sizeof(T) != 0) {
+        THROW(std::runtime_error("Data size does not align to std::vector<" + std::string(typeid(T).name()) + ">."));
+    }
+    unsigned int num_elmts = vec.size() / sizeof(T);
+    std::vector<T> ret(num_elmts);
+    memcpy(ret.data(), vec.data(), vec.size());
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+class ThreadsafeObjectLock;
+
+template <typename T>
+class ThreadsafeObject {
+    using Codes = ObjectManagerError::Codes;
+
+    public:
+    ThreadsafeObject(T&& obj) 
+    : _obj(std::make_shared<T>(obj)) {}
+
+    ThreadsafeObjectLock<T> lock() {
+        return ThreadsafeObjectLock<T>(this);
+    }
+
+    friend ThreadsafeObjectLock<T>;
+
+    protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<T> _obj;
+    mutable std::recursive_mutex _mutex;
+
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+class ThreadsafeObjectLock {
+    public:
+    ThreadsafeObjectLock(const ThreadsafeObjectLock&) = delete;
+    ThreadsafeObjectLock operator=(const ThreadsafeObjectLock&) = delete;
+    ~ThreadsafeObjectLock() {
+        _manager->_mutex.unlock();
+    }
+
+    T* operator->() {
+        return _manager->_obj.get(); 
+    }
+
+    friend ThreadsafeObject<T>;
+
+    protected:
+    ThreadsafeObjectLock(
+        ThreadsafeObject<T>* const manager_
+    ) : _manager(manager_) {
+        if (!_manager) {
+            using Codes = ObjectManagerError::Codes;
+            THROW(ObjectManagerError(Codes::NO_MANAGER));
+        }
+        _manager->_mutex.lock();
+    }
+    ThreadsafeObject<T>* const _manager;
+};
+
+} // namespace nb
+#endif // _NB_CORE_TYPES
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/src/Errors.cpp b/engine/NBCore/src/Errors.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 544346a..0000000
--- a/engine/NBCore/src/Errors.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#include "Errors.hpp"
-
-namespace nb {
-
-const std::string Error::type =  "Error";
-const ErrorCodeMap Error::ErrorMessages = {
-    {ErrorCodes::GENERAL, "General std::exception."},
-    {ErrorCodes::UNDEFINED, "Undefined / general error."},
-    {ErrorCodes::BADERRORCODE, "Unrecognized error code."}
-};
-
-}
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/src/ErrorsImpl.cpp b/engine/NBCore/src/ErrorsImpl.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a36b110
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/src/ErrorsImpl.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include "ErrorsImpl.hpp"
+
+namespace nb {
+
+const std::string Error<>::type =  "nb::Error";
+const ErrorCodeMap Error<>::ErrorMessages = {
+    {Error::Codes::STANDARD, "std::exception"},
+    {Error::Codes::UNDEFINED, "Error"}
+};
+
+//ErrorBase::
+
+ErrorBase::ErrorBase(const std::exception& exception_) noexcept 
+: ErrorBase(Error<NoneType>(exception_)) {}
+
+}
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/src/Logger.cpp b/engine/NBCore/src/Logger.cpp
index 1deed87..70c8ff8 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/src/Logger.cpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/src/Logger.cpp
@@ -1,15 +1,38 @@
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "Logger.hpp"
+#include "StringUtils.hpp"
 
 namespace nb {
 
+#ifndef _NB_NO_LOGGER
 nb::DefaultDebugLogger logger(std::cout);
+#endif // _NB_NO_LOGGER
+
+bool nb::DefaultDebugLogger::process(const LogEvent& msg) {
+    constexpr size_t level_field_width = 5;
+    constexpr size_t msg_prompt_length = level_field_width+7;
+    for (const auto os : this->_ostream) {
+        *os << "[";
+        os->width(level_field_width);
+        *os << std::to_string(msg.lvl) << "] :: ";
+        std::string fileloc="";
+        if (!msg.file.empty()) {
+            fileloc += "(" + msg.file + ":" + std::to_string(msg.line) + ") - ";
+        }
+        *os << indent_strblock(
+            fileloc + msg.msg,
+            std::string(20 - msg_prompt_length, ' '),
+            ""
+        ) << nb::NEWLINE;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
 
 static bool RUN_LOGGER(nb::DefaultDebugLogger& log) {
     return log.run();
 }
 
-static const bool LOGGER_RUNNING = RUN_LOGGER(logger);
+const bool LOGGER_RUNNING = RUN_LOGGER(logger);
 
 } // namespace nb
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/src/Processes.cpp b/engine/NBCore/src/Processes.cpp
index dabf222..f0aec20 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/src/Processes.cpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/src/Processes.cpp
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #endif // _NB_TARGET_LINUX
 
 #include "Processes.hpp"
-#include "Types.hpp"
 
 namespace nb {
 
@@ -16,8 +15,15 @@ uint64_t GetPID() {
     return GetCurrentProcessId();
 }
 #endif // _NB_TARGET_WINDOWS
-
 #ifdef _NB_TARGET_LINUX
 #endif // _NB_TARGET_LINUX
     
+#ifdef _NB_TARGET_WINDOWS
+uint64_t GetTID() {
+    return GetCurrentThreadId();
+}
+#endif // _NB_TARGET_WINDOWS
+#ifdef _NB_TARGET_LINUX
+#endif // _NB_TARGET_LINUX
+
 } // namespace nb
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/src/StringUtils.cpp b/engine/NBCore/src/StringUtils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1946c3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/src/StringUtils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "StringUtils.hpp"
+
+/* std::string nb::wstr_to_str(std::wstring in) {
+    std::size_t wstrlen = in.length();
+    char* c_str= new char[wstrlen];
+    std::wcstombs(c_str, in.c_str(), wstrlen);
+    std::string ret(c_str, wstrlen);
+    delete[] c_str;
+    return ret;
+} */
+
+std::string nb::indent_strblock(
+    std::string block,
+    std::string prepend,
+    std::string topIndent
+) {
+    return topIndent + nb::find_and_replace(
+        block,
+        nb::NEWLINE,
+        nb::NEWLINE + prepend
+    );
+}
+
+std::string nb::indent_strblock(
+    std::string block,
+    std::string prepend
+) {
+    return nb::indent_strblock(block, prepend, prepend);
+}
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/src/Utils.cpp b/engine/NBCore/src/Utils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39fc680
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/src/Utils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#include "Utils.hpp"
+
+namespace nb {
+
+using ObjectManagerCodes = ObjectManagerError::Codes;
+const std::string ObjectManagerError::type = "nb::ObjectManagerError";
+const ErrorCodeMap ObjectManagerError::ErrorMessages({
+    {ObjectManagerCodes::UNDEFINED, "Error"},
+    {
+        ObjectManagerCodes::NO_MANAGER,
+        "Attempting to create object lock without lock manager"
+    },
+    {
+        ObjectManagerCodes::MANAGER_MISMATCH,
+        "Attempting to delete object lock from mismatched lock manager"
+    },
+    {
+        ObjectManagerCodes::LOCK_OVERFLOW,
+        "Too many object locks allocated"
+    },
+    {
+        ObjectManagerCodes::BAD_THREAD,
+        "Attempting operation from a bad thread"
+    }
+});
+
+}; // namespace nb
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/engine/NBCore/tests/CMakeLists.txt
index d3ad479..34476ff 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/engine/NBCore/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,12 +4,21 @@ if (NB_BUILD_TESTS)
     enable_testing()
     include(GoogleTest)
     add_executable(TestCore
-        testErrors.cpp
-        testProcesses.cpp
+        ./testErrors.cpp
+        #./testProcesses.cpp
+        ./testUtils.cpp
     )
     target_link_libraries(TestCore
         NBCore
         GTest::gtest_main
     )
+
+    add_executable(LoggerTest
+        ./testLogger.cpp
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(LoggerTest
+        NBCore
+    )
+
     gtest_discover_tests(TestCore)
 endif()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/tests/testErrors.cpp b/engine/NBCore/tests/testErrors.cpp
index 7d79ee9..0c7be49 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/tests/testErrors.cpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/tests/testErrors.cpp
@@ -1,38 +1,39 @@
 #define CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
 
-#include "Errors.hpp"
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <sstream>
-#include "Logger.hpp"
+
+#include "Errors.hpp"
+#include <string>
 
 using namespace nb;
 
-class TestError : public ErrorBase<TestError> {
+class TestError : public Error<TestError> {
+    using Base = Error<TestError>;
 public:    
-    using ErrorBase<TestError>::ErrorBase;
+    using Base::Base;
+    using Base::what;
+    using Base::code;
+    using Base::msg;
+    using Base::trace;
 
-    enum ErrorCodes : unsigned int {
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
         A, B, C, D
     };
+
     static const std::string type;
-    static const ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+    static const nb::ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
 };
 
 const std::string TestError::type="TestError";
 const ErrorCodeMap TestError::ErrorMessages{
-    {TestError::ErrorCodes::A, "Hey!"},
-    {TestError::ErrorCodes::B, "How"},
-    {TestError::ErrorCodes::C, "You"},
-    {TestError::ErrorCodes::D, "Doin"}
+    {TestError::Codes::A, "Hey!"},
+    {TestError::Codes::B, "How"},
+    {TestError::Codes::C, "You"},
+    {TestError::Codes::D, "Doin"}
 };
 
 
 TEST(ErrorTest, Test) {
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, 1);
-
-    std::stringstream sstream;
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(nb::logger.isRunning());
-    nb::logger.log("Hey!");
+    auto err = TestError(0, TestError(1, TestError(2, TestError(3, TestError(2)))));
+    ASSERT_STREQ(err.what().c_str(), "Hey!\n   Trace: How\n      Trace: You\n         Trace: Doin\n            Trace: You");
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/tests/testLogger.cpp b/engine/NBCore/tests/testLogger.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27da8da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/tests/testLogger.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#include <exception>
+
+#include "Errors.hpp"
+#include "Logger.hpp"
+
+class TestError : public nb::Error<TestError> {
+    using Base = Error<TestError>;
+public:    
+    using Base::Base;
+    using Base::what;
+    using Base::code;
+    using Base::msg;
+    using Base::trace;
+
+    enum Codes : unsigned int {
+        A, B, C, D
+    };
+
+    static const std::string type;
+    static const nb::ErrorCodeMap ErrorMessages;
+};
+
+const std::string TestError::type="TestError";
+const nb::ErrorCodeMap TestError::ErrorMessages{
+    {TestError::Codes::A, "Hey!"},
+    {TestError::Codes::B, "How"},
+    {TestError::Codes::C, "You"},
+    {TestError::Codes::D, "Doin"}
+};
+
+int main() {
+    nb::logger.log("Whoop!");
+    try {
+        THROW(TestError(0, TestError(1, TestError(2, TestError(3, TestError(2))))));
+    } catch (TestError e){
+        nb::logger.log("nb::Error was thrown!");
+    }
+
+    try {
+        THROW(std::exception());
+    } catch (std::exception e){
+        nb::logger.log("std::exception was thrown!");
+    }
+    ERROR("hello there!");
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/tests/testProcesses.cpp b/engine/NBCore/tests/testProcesses.cpp
index 3e220b8..cee1e90 100644
--- a/engine/NBCore/tests/testProcesses.cpp
+++ b/engine/NBCore/tests/testProcesses.cpp
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #define CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include <iostream>
 #include "Processes.hpp"
 #include <Windows.h>
 
diff --git a/engine/NBCore/tests/testUtils.cpp b/engine/NBCore/tests/testUtils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a726369
--- /dev/null
+++ b/engine/NBCore/tests/testUtils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#define CODE_ERROR_LOCATIONS
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include "TypeTraits.hpp"
+#include "StringUtils.hpp"
+
+namespace nb {
+
+TEST(UtilsTest, TestFindAndReplace) {
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        find_and_replace("Jeff", "e", "efe").c_str(), 
+        "Jefeff"
+    );
+
+    std::string tmp = find_and_replace("Naif", "a", "afa");
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        find_and_replace(tmp, "i", "ifi").c_str(), 
+        "Nafaifif"
+    );
+
+    tmp = find_and_replace("aeiou", "a", "afa");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "e", "efe");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "i", "ifi");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "o", "ofo");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "u", "ufu");
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        tmp.c_str(), 
+        "afaefeifiofoufu"
+    );
+
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "afa", "a");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "efe", "e");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "ifi", "i");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "ofo", "o");
+    tmp = find_and_replace(tmp, "ufu", "u");
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        tmp.c_str(), 
+        "aeiou"
+    );
+}
+
+TEST(UtilsTest, TestFindAndReplaceWstr) {
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        find_and_replace<wchar_t>(L"Jeff", L"e", L"efe").c_str(), 
+        L"Jefeff"
+    );
+
+    std::wstring tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(L"Naif", L"a", L"afa");
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"i", L"ifi").c_str(), 
+        L"Nafaifif"
+    );
+
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(L"aeiou", L"a", L"afa");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"e", L"efe");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"i", L"ifi");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"o", L"ofo");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"u", L"ufu");
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        tmp.c_str(), 
+        L"afaefeifiofoufu"
+    );
+
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"afa", L"a");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"efe", L"e");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"ifi", L"i");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"ofo", L"o");
+    tmp = find_and_replace<wchar_t>(tmp, L"ufu", L"u");
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        tmp.c_str(), 
+        L"aeiou"
+    );
+}
+
+/* TEST(UtilsTest, TestWstrToStr) {
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::wstr_to_str(L"Hi!").c_str(), 
+        "Hi!"
+    );
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::wstr_to_str(L"Naif").c_str(),
+        "Naif"
+    );
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::wstr_to_str(L"\r\r\r\n").c_str(),
+        "\r\r\r\n"
+    );
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::wstr_to_str(L"Naif\ttalks\r\ra\t\nlot").c_str(),
+        "Naif\ttalks\r\ra\t\nlot"
+    );
+} */
+
+/* TEST(UtilsTest, TestStrToWstr) {
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::str_to_wstr("Hi!").c_str(), 
+        L"Hi!"
+    );
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::str_to_wstr("Naif").c_str(),
+        L"Naif"
+    );
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::str_to_wstr("\r\r\r\n").c_str(),
+        L"\r\r\r\n"
+    );
+    ASSERT_STREQ(
+        nb::str_to_wstr("Naif\ttalks\r\ra\t\nlot").c_str(),
+        L"Naif\ttalks\r\ra\t\nlot"
+    );
+} */
+
+struct A { bool x(); };
+struct B { bool y(); };
+struct C { bool x(); bool y; };
+struct D : C {};
+
+template <typename T>
+using has_x = decltype(T::x);
+
+template <typename T>
+using has_y = decltype(T::y);
+
+TEST(UtilsTest, TestIsDetected) {
+    auto ret = is_detected<has_x, A>::value;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+    ret = is_detected<has_y, A>::value;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(ret);
+
+    ret = is_detected<has_y, B>::value;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+    ret = is_detected<has_x, B>::value;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(ret);
+
+    ret = is_detected<has_x, C>::value;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+    ret = is_detected<has_y, C>::value;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+
+    ret = is_detected<has_x, D>::value;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+    ret = is_detected<has_y, D>::value;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+}
+
+} // namespace nb
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